Sunday, April 12, 2026

Zev Feldman + Resonance + Elemental = "Abbondanza"

 © Copyright ® Steven Cerra, copyright protected, all rights reserved.


The obvious English translation of the Italian word Abbondanza is Abundance, but in the case of the six new recordings that producer Zev Feldman in conjunction with Resonance Records and Elemental Music is set to release on vinyl for the upcoming April 18th Record Store Day, the meaning goes much deeper.


For Jazz fans, the word denotes being transferred to a state of prosperity because these new releases are much more than just records; they are a wonderful gift to Jazz fans for a variety of reasons:


  • They help to preserve our Jazz heritage by bringing forth more recorded in-performance music by a number of iconic Jazz masters;

  • They provide us with the excitement of Jazz being performed in night club and concert settings or before a television audience which produces a vibrancy and excitement rarely captured in studio recordings;

  • The quality of the music is enhanced through the use of state-of-the-art audio techniques and services

  • They are superbly packaged in gatefold vinyl and multi disc sets replete with photographs, informative and booklet notes and interviews with and statements by master Jazz musicians.

  • It’s music you own which you can play whenever and however you want without being dependent on streaming services.


Zev goes to great lengths to be as inclusive as possible in producing these recordings. In many cases he has established close bonds with extant family members who, as a result, assist and facilitate his efforts to make the music available. He pays performance rights fees to the musicians' families or estates.


Market rate commissions are paid to the writers of insert notes, licensing fees are granted for the use of the photographs and copyright royalties are rendered for the songs and tunes performed on the recordings.


This is no schlock operation. It’s a class act all the way.


Each album is a creative endeavor made possible by a dedicated team that Zev has assembled for the task at hand. 


The sports metaphor for this would be the Jazz equivalent of an All-Star Team.


For example, here’s what’s on offer for -


BILL EVANS TRIO AT THE BBC STUDIOS IN 1965 Limited Edition CD Digipak [Elemental 5990458]

Audio transferred from the original tapes at the BBC Featuring Chuck Israels & Larry Bunker Includes a 20-page booklet with photos by Jean-Pierre Leloir, Jan Persson, and others, liner notes by acclaimed jazz critic and author Marc Myers plus testimonies by Chuck Israels James Pearsons Jamie Cullum. Deluxe 2 LP set also available


MICHEL PETRUCCIANI'S 1987 TRIO PERFORMANCE AT KUUMBWA IN SANTA CRUZ, CALIFORNIA! Featuring DAVE HOLLAND & ELIOT ZIGMUND [Elemental Music 5990459]

Includes a 16-page booklet with photos by Christian Rose, Tom Copi, and others; liner notes by acclaimed French jazz critic Thierry Pérémarti; plus exclusive testimonies from Alexandra Petrucciani. Eliot Zigmund, Kuumbwa's founder Tim Jackson, and Italian pianist Enrico Pierarrunzi. Deluxe 2 LP set also available.


UNISSUED PIANO ICON AHMAD JAMAL LIVE IN CHICAGO IN 1976!

AHMAD JAMAL AT THE JAZZ SHOWCASE Live in Chicago [Resonance HCD-2085]

Transferred from Joe Segal's original tapes • Featuring bassist John Heard and drummer Frank Gant; Extensive 24-page booklet with rare photos from Tom Copi, Christian Rose, K.Abe and others; Liner notes by Jamal scholar Eugene Holley, Jr.; statements by pianists Joe Alterman and Fred Hersch; plus interviews with Joe Segal's son, Wayne Segal, and more. Deluxe limited edition 2 LP set also available.


MAL WALDRON STARDUST & STARLIGHT AT THE JAZZ SHOWCASE [Resonance 2087]

Transferred from Joe Segal's original tapes; Featuring Steve Rodby (bass), Wilbur Campbell (drums) and special guest saxophone icon Sonny Stilt, Extensive 28-page booklet with rare photos from K. Abe, Christian Rose, Ozier Muhammad and others;Liner notes by journalist Howard Mandel; interviews with pianist Lafayette Gilchrist, bassist Steve Rodby and more! Deluxe 2 LP set also available.


UNISSUED TENOR TITAN JOE HENDERSON LIVE IN CHICAGO IN 1978!

JOE HENDERSON CONSONANCE LIVE AT THE JAZZ SHOWCASE [Resonance HCD-2084]

Transferred from Joe Segal's original tapes • Featuring Joanne Brackeen (piano), Steve Rodby (bass) and Danny Spencer (drums); Extensive 32-page booklet with rare photos from Raymond Ross, Tom Copi, Veryl Oakland and others; Liner notes by producer John Koenig and interviews with Brackeen, Rodby, Spencer and others. Deluxe 3 LP set also available.

 

UNISSUED MULTI-INSTRUMENTALIST YUSEF LATEEF LIVE IN CHICAGO IN 1975!

YUSEF LATEEF ALIGHT UPON THE LAKE [Resonance HCD-2088]

• Transferred from Joe Segal's original tapes Featuring pianist Kenny Barren, bassist Bob Cunningham and drummer Albert 'Tootie" Heath; Extensive 24-page booklet with rare photos from K.Abe, Veryl Oakland, Tom Copi and others; Liner notes by Lateef biographer Herb Boyd; statements by woodwind master Bennie Maupin and more! Deluxe limited edition 3-LP set also available.


Another vitally important member of Zev’s All-Star team is Ann Braithwaite of the media relations firm of Braithwaite & Katz Communications and she prepared the following informative, coherent and cogent press releases for each of these new releases.




Elemental Music will release Bill Evans at the BBC, presenting a 1965 British television performance for the first time on vinyl, as a deluxe 180-gram 2-LP Record Store Day exclusive on April 18, 2026. The album will also be available on CD and digital download on April 24.


The album combines two episodes of a program entitled Jazz 625, hosted by English trumpet player Humphrey Lyttelton, and features Evans' remarkable second working trio with bassist Chuck Israels and drummer Larry Bunker.


Bill Evans at the BBC was produced for release by award-winning producer and "Jazz Detective" Zev Feldman in cooperation with the Bill Evans Estate. Audio was transferred from the original tapes at the BBC with mixing and sound restoration by Marc Doutrepont (EQuuS) and LP mastering by Matthew Lutthans at The Mastering Lab.


The album marks Feldman's 15th production with the Evans Estate, a stellar body of work that has contributed much to the legacy of the legendary pianist. The deluxe package includes an interview with Chuck Israels about his memories of Evans and of the broadcast; reflections on Evans' influence by singer/pianist Jamie Cullum and by pianist James Pearson, artistic director of the famed London jazz club Ronnie Scott's; and notes by Evans scholar Marc Myers.

"Working with the Evans family and curating these albums is an enormous highlight of my career," Feldman says. "I first became aware of these recordings of Evans in the 1990s when I worked in New York City. I purchased it on laserdisc originally and have been familiar with this material for quite some time. It's a wonderful chapter in Evans's recorded legacy, and these recordings are deserving of an official CD and LP release."


The broadcasts that make up Bill Evans at the BBC - originally aired on May 12 and December 29, 1965 -represent the pianist's sole performance at the BBC TV studios. The two half-hour sets were filmed back to back on March 19 of that year, midway through the trio's four-week stint at Ronnie Scott's. The group with Israels and Bunker had been together for two years at that point, after Evans' first trio had dissolved in the wake of Scott LaFaro's tragic death in 1961 and Paul Motian's 1963 exit to join pianist Paul Bley.


"By 1965, when the Jazz 625 shows were taped, the trio was a well-oiled machine," recalls Israels in his interview with Feldman. "We were very free in our interpretations of things because we were comfortable with the material and with each other."


That comfort level is brilliantly evidenced throughout Bill Evans at the BBC, which finds the trio exploring its repertoire with an unhurried, luxuriant, profoundly focused rapport. The repertoire will be familiar to even the most casual of Evans fans - five of the pieces are culled from Trio '65, the album that the band had recorded in February but was not yet released at the time of these tapings. They include John Carisi's "Israel" and Earl Zindars' "Elsa" and "How My Heart Sings," along with the standards "Who Can I Turn To?" and "Come Rain or Come Shine." The setlists are filled out with Evans favorites like "Waltz for Debby" and "Re: Person I Knew," and selections that he returned to often: "Summertime," "Someday My Prince Will Come," and Miles Davis' "Nardis."


Jazz 625 aired for two years, from April 1964 to August 1966, on BBC Two. The show's title is a reference to the 625-lines UHF utilized by the channel, as opposed to the more common 405-lines VHF system. The series was launched after the resolution of a years-long dispute between the UK Musicians Union and the American Federation of Musicians that allowed musicians from the U.S. to perform in Britain for the first time since the 1930s. Over the course of its run, the show aired appearances by such greats as Duke Ellington, Dave Brubeck, Thelonious Monk, the Modern Jazz Quartet and Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers.


Evans devotees may have seen these episodes in various forms in the intervening years - longtime aficionados like Feldman, they may have caught them on laserdisc in the 1990s, while others may have seen them on DVD in the early 2000s or in clips on YouTube. This release, however, isolates the music from its accompanying visuals for the first time in an official release and remastered to maximize its audio quality.


The result, Myers writes in his liner notes, "is a fascinating listen. Without the visual, you are forced to listen in a more attentive and granular way. Rather than hear the music as background to what you are seeing, you feel it and the trio's excellence more deeply. Upon listening to the music on this album, I gasped. The trio here is at its peak, playing music that is un-rushed, caressing and gorgeous."


Cullum praises the achievements of this stellar group in his conversation with Feldman, saying, "the trio with Chuck Israels and Larry Bunker really swung. I love Bunker's playing, the sound of his brushes, the feeling of swing, so propulsive. Also, Bill was swinging really hard at that time. Watching the tapes, I just couldn't believe the economy of it all, both the music and his movements at the piano. That trio was fantastic, and shouldn't be judged in the shadow of the one with Scott LaFaro and Paul Motian. It got to swing hard despite the sheer quietness you see onstage. It has a fire of its own."


Six decades after the trio converged before a reserved but appreciative audience in a British television studio, that fire continues to burn brightly via these captivating recordings. As Israels himself recognized in an interview with Marc Myers, "Yes, we were damn near perfect at the BBC."”



Elemental Music will release Kuumbwa, a superlative 1987 trio concert recorded at the Kuumbwa Jazz Center in Santa Cruz, California as an exclusive two-LP set to be released on April 18, 2026 with CD and digital versions available on April 24, 2026. The album is part of Record Store Day in the EU.


This first Petrucciani artifact among the label's many jazz treasures—produced for release by the acclaimed "Jazz Detective" Zev Feldman and available on 180-gram vinyl with mixing and sound restoration by Marc Doutrepont (EQuuS) and LP mastering by Matthew Lutthans at The Mastering Lab - was a discovery from the archives of Kuumbwa co-founder Tim Jackson. The package includes a reflection from Jackson on both Kuumbwa (a pioneer of nonprofit jazz presentation) and Petrucciani himself, along with insights on the brilliant French pianist from his son, Alexandre; his longtime drummer Eliot Zigmund, who accompanied Petrucciani at Kuumbwa; French jazz journalist Thierry Pérémarti; and Italian fellow pianist Enrico Pieranunzi.


"I've been friendly with Tim since 2006, when I was working at Concord and we released the Monterey Jazz Highlights while he was Artistic Director of the festival," producer Feldman recalls. "We've stayed in touch. He shared the Kuumbwa archives with me, and I was blown away with this recording."


The trio performance from May 11, 1987, contains much to blow listeners away. Along with Petrucciani and Zigmund, the lineup includes English bass wizard Dave Holland, all of them at the top of their respective and collective games. The 24-year-old pianist and French emigre, who had relocated to New York in 1984, had only just become familiar to wider American jazz fans with his signing to Blue Note Records in 1986. He lost no time in showing that new audience what he could do.


Despite his osteogenesis imperfecta, the genetic bone disorder that stunted his growth and left him in nearly constant pain, Petrucciani's imagination and zeal for the music are as flamboyantly on display as is his talent on the Kuumbwa recordings. They paint a portrait of the pianist "Exactly as he was in life," notes Pérémarti ""Extravagant; romantic; facetious; turbulent; sweet and gentle; impatient; funny and full of life His music never lied it is the exact mirror of his character He plays in this recording with such vigor, such ardor and energy, and at the same time like a child rapt in wonder."


"My father was a force of nature," remarks Alexandre Petrucciani. "I hope this new release conveys not only his love of jazz but also the love he gave to the world—because he was bigger than music."


His enthusiasm was clearly infectious: Both Holland and Zigmund are audibly inspired to play with uncanny levels of electricity alongside Petrucciani. "Playing with Michel was probably one of the most exciting periods of my life," says Zigmund, whose resume also boasts work with Bill Evans, Vince Guaraldi and Lee Konitz. "When I go back and listen to recordings from those times, the energy, the freshness, the desire to play are apparent.... With Michel you never knew what was happening when he got on stage, where he would go, where he would take a tune, which tune he might choose just out of the blue."


"Of course, it was striking to watch Michel play because of his physical challenges. There was always this sense of wonder to his performances," Jackson adds. "He sounded different than a lot of European pianists as he had that funky touch, yet he still had that beautiful impressionistic sound that I love so much. Michel was the same way as a person. He was a real down-home guy, and fun to hang with. His music was a beautiful mixture of cultures, melded into an intricate tapestry that speaks to people in a deep way."


Kuumbwa offers a fresh new lens onto that tapestry, at the height of Petrucciani's fame. "The performance is smoking and there's heavy enthusiasm from the audience," says Feldman. "This one is a very special release."”



“At The Jazz Showcase: Live in Chicago captures piano legend Ahmad Jamal in the first-ever release of this trio with bassist John Heard and drummer Frank Gant captured at Joe Segal's legendary club. The deluxe limited-edition 180-gram 2-LP set will be released on Record Store Day, April 18, 2026 with a 2-CD set to follow on April 24, 2026 on what would have been Joe Segal's 100th birthday.


Produced by Zev Feldman, called “The Indiana Jones of Jazz," the album was restored and mastered from the original tapes by engineer and Resonance founder George Klabin, with LP mastering by Matthew Lutthans at The Mastering Lab in Salina, KS, and pressing at pressed at Quebec's audiophile boutique pressing plant Le Vinylist.


It's an excellent follow-up to Jamal's critically acclaimed Emerald City Nights: Live at the Penthouse (Vol. 1-3), also produced by Feldman, and extends and elaborates on Jamal's seven decade-long discography, which includes several standout recordings including Chamber Music of the New Jazz, The Awakening and his 1958 masterpiece, But Not for Me: Ahmad Jamal Live at the Pershing with his hit single, "Poinciana."


The music from this live date was part of Jazz Showcase owner and founder Joe Segal's massive archives of audio recordings of legendary artists who performed at the club. Feldman first learned of the archives when he was introduced to Segal in 2011 and is now, with the blessing of Joe's son Wayne, is in the process of going through the vast treasure trove of material which the family estimates is some 8,000-10,000 tapes.


"Joe was one of the most passionate jazz fans I'd ever met and he brought the best of the best to Chicago for decades at the Jazz Showcase and other venues all around town," Feldman writes in the recording's liner notes. "Jamal is one of most prolific artists of our lifetime, and he had a longtime relationship with [Joe], who made these recordings. Jamal played the Jazz Showcase many, many times over the years at its various locations all over Chicago."


At The Jazz Showcase also features the marvelous musings of Atlanta-based jazz pianist and Jamal scholar Joe Alterman. "One of reasons I picked Joe Alterman to work on this project with me is that he knew Jamal intimately, and I felt it was important to have someone close to him be on this journey with us." Feldman writes. "All you need to do is listen to this music and you'll be transported."


For Mr. Jamal's daughter Sumayah, who also heads her father's estate, these March 1976 dates from the Jazz Showcase's address at the basement of The Happy Medium on Rush Street represent a musical homecoming to the city where her Pittsburgh-born father lived from 1947 to 1962. "My father had tremendous respect for Joe Segal and his legendary Jazz Showcase," Jamal says. "How thrilling that a treasure trove of previously unreleased recordings of my father's live performances were discovered in Joe's personal archives. My father's musical legacy was forged in Chicago, and these archival recordings reflect the sharp-edged brilliance of the musical voice that was honed in venues like the Jazz Showcase."


The music on these memorable dates reflect the evolution from Jamal's "Poinciana" trio with drummer Vernel Fournier and bassist Israel Crosby before the pianist moved from Chicago to New York City in 1962, to the terrific triad Jamal led at the Jazz Showcase with drummer Frank Gant and bassist and Pittsburgh native John Heard: the former, a valued sideman with Donald Byrd, Miles Davis and Billie Holiday, and the latter, who worked with Oscar Peterson, Pharoah Sanders and Count Basie.


Buoyed by that dynamic duo, Jamal still plays with his patented use of syncopated space that influenced everyone including Miles Davis, his Art Tatum-level technique and Errol Garner keyboard flourishes and his ingenious, on-the-spot arrangements, blended with the new influence of McCoy Tyner's profound pianisms and intricate keyboard colors inspired by Jamal's use of electric keyboards. Those old and new "Jamalisms" are heard on all the recording's nine tracks. Standards and popular songs ranging from Johnny Mandel's "Theme from M*A*S*H" and "A Time for Love," Antonio Carlos Jobim bossa nova, "Wave," and the south of the border syncopations on "Have You Met Miss Jones?" to the fusion-like interpretation of Herbie Hancock's "Dolphin Dance" and two soulful solo readings of "A Nightingale Sang in Berkeley Square," and Duke Ellington's "Prelude to a Kiss."


For much of his career, Jamal was known for interpreting the works of other composers in his words, "beyond their wildest dreams." That changed after his move to New York, when he started performing original material, as evidenced by his near 15 minute opus "Ahmad's Song," which is reminiscent of another Jamal track, "Handicapper," and his Afrocentric-anthemed composition "Swahililand," sampled decades later by hip-hop producer/beat maker JDilla on De La Soul's classic track, "Stakes is High," with a witty reference of the English carol "God Rest ye Merry Gentlemen."


Though Mr. Jamal left us in 2023 at the age of 93, this splendid recording is an aural love letter to a Windy City that gave his music wings. "I believe that these performances are truly some of my father's best," Sumayah Jamal says. "I am grateful to Joe Segal for his dedication to the art form, and his tireless devotion to promoting the careers of generations of jazz musicians like my father."”



“Mal Waldron's uniquely penetrating music — moody, percussive, bluesy yet progressive, tempered by his formative experiences with Billie Holiday, Charles Mingus, Max Roach and Abbey Lincoln among other leading voices of his generation, burns in Stardust & Starlight: At the Jazz Showcase, a previously unissued recording of the enigmatic piano icon performing live at Joe Segal's Jazz Showcase in Chicago, IL in 1979 with bassist Steve Rodby (prior to his long tenure in Pat Metheny Group), drummer Wilbur "the Chief Campbell, and special guest saxophonist Sonny Stitt.


Released by Resonance Records and produced by noted "Jazz Detective" Zev Feldman with assistance from pianist-cultural curator Joe Alterman, Stardust & Starlight: At the Jazz Showcase comes in a deluxe 2-LP package with newly curated liner notes written by Howard Mandel, new interviews with pianist Lafayette Gilchrist, Joe Segal's son Wayne Segal and more. The vinyl set comes out on Record Store Day, April 18, 2026, with the CD to follow on April 24, 2026 which would have been Joe Segal's 100th birthday.


The limited-edition 180-gram 2-LP set was restored and mastered from the original tapes by engineer and Resonance founder George Klabin and Joe Lizzi, with LP mastering by Matthew Lutthans at The Mastering Lab in Salina, KS, and pressed at Quebec's boutique audiophile pressing plant Le Vinylist.


The album documents an August date that was Waldron's debut stand at the Jazz Showcase, Chicago's famed home of the hard-swing, bebop and post-bop music favored by the elder Segal, a devotee who launched his venue in 1947 and ran it until his death at age 94 in 2020 (Wayne Segal continues to present world class jazz at the Showcase to this very day). Waldron, then 54 years old, was kicking off the club's annual "Charlie Parker Month."


Having been a professional New York City recording artist since the mid 1950s, sympatico accompanist to Lady Day in her final years and Abbey Lincoln, Max Roach, Eric Dolphy, Steve Lacy, Waldron had overcome adversity — a 1963 total breakdown from a heroin overdose — and firmly re-established himself as a force on the international touring scene. Playing for an up-close, appreciative audience, the pianist quickly establishes his indelible sonic imprint and masterful adaptability in unaccompanied pieces, engagements with the house rhythm team and a late-set encounter with ever-challenging Sonny Stitt (on both tenor and alto saxophones).

Waldron was an "inside-outside" conceptualist, bringing urbanity and also focused intensity to classic melodies ("Stella By Starlight," Hoagy Carmichael's "Stardust," Thelonious Monk's "'Round Midnight"), songbook standards ("All God's Chillun Got Rhythm," "I Thought About You," "It Could Happen to You," "Old Folks") and his own indelible compositions ("All Alone" and "Fire Waltz").


"The thing I remember very distinctly thinking back on the Mal Waldron week," says Steve Rodby, today Artist in Residence at the School of Music, University of Washington, "was that he sounded so modern to me. His style was pre-Herbie Hancock, but post-Oscar Peterson, sort of in the Monk zone. It had an edge to it. I always felt like you could hear him exploring when he was playing, something you hear in every great player. He really did embody that premium on individuality and distinctive voice that the era favored. Probably lots of people I played with before had that, but with Mal Waldron it really stuck out and finally got my attention."


Feldman says, "Most people would be surprised to see Waldron playing a lot of bebop during this period, but if anyone would be able to pull off bringing this crew together it's Joe Segal. This is one of his gifts: to do special curation like this, putting together seemingly disparate elements, because it felt right to him. The music is absolutely wonderful, as you'll hear, and the audience really comes alive when Sonny Stitt joins in the festivities."


Mal Waldron sustained his touring and recording career, collaborating with artists including Jeanne Lee, David Murray and Archie Shepp, until his death from cancer in 2002 at age 77. He has been cited as an influence by Matthew Shipp and Ethan Iverson, among contemporary pianists.”



“Some nights don't just fade away after the last note has dissipated. They linger in the marrow, waiting for the right moment to be heard again. Consonance: Live at the Jazz Showcase is one of those nights. Recorded in February of 1978 at Joe Segal's storied Jazz Showcase in Chicago, this newly unearthed performance captures saxophone titan Joe Henderson in bracing communion with a quartet that knew how to listen as hard as it played. Nearly five decades later, the music arrives as a revelation. It feels alive, active, and fiercely contemporary.


This limited-edition, 180-gram 3-LP set marks Resonance's first-ever release from the Jazz Showcase archives, inaugurating a new chapter in producer Zev Feldman's archival mission.


"Joe's archives comprise one of the greatest libraries of previously unissued jazz recordings in existence and we're very lucky that these documents were made and preserved," says Feldman, who first discovered the treasure trove of recordings when he was introduced to Segal in 2011. The vinyl will be available for Record Store Day, April 18, 2026 with a 2-CD set to follow on April 24, what would have been Joe Segal's 100th birthday.


Mastered from the original tapes by George Klabin and John Koenig, with lacquers cut by Matthew Lutthans at The Mastering Lab in Salina, Kansas, and pressed at Quebec's boutique audiophile plant Le Vinyllst, Consonance brings Henderson's sound into the room with startling presence.


By 1978, Henderson had long since secured his place in the pantheon of jazz royalty. But categorizing him by era misses the point. His greatness wasn't static, and he had the rare ability to be of his time without being trapped by it, to absorb the currents around him and redirect them through a singular voice. On Consonance, Henderson stands at a crossroads — post-bop wisdom in one hand, a restless future in the other — testing the strength of melody and rhythm in real time.


The quartet is essential to that alchemy. Pianist Joanne Brackeen brings a crystalline intelligence to the music, her lines darting and doubling back with a logic that's as emotional as it is analytical. Bassist Steve Rodby — years before his work with Pat Metheny would bring him wider acclaim — anchors the band with a deep, elastic pulse. Drummer Danny Spencer rounds out the group with propulsion and nuance, never crowding the space Henderson leaves open, but never letting it cool either. Together, they form a unit that thrives on risk, the kind of ensemble that understands the weight of the music.


Joe Segal's Jazz Showcase, the setting for this encounter, was no mere backdrop. It was a proving ground and a listening room where seriousness was a prerequisite and flash alone wouldn't save you. Segal, a tireless advocate for the music, built a sanctuary for artists to stretch out and work through ideas in front of an audience that knew how to hold silence. The room's intimacy sharpened the exchange between band and crowd, a feedback loop of concentration and release that's palpable on tape.


Consonance is the sound of Henderson responding to that environment — probing, pressing, then laying back just enough to let the music breathe. His tenor carries that unmistakable mix of muscle and mercy: a burnished tone that can cut through steel, then soften into a whisper without losing authority. He phrases like someone telling the truth slowly, not leaving room for interruption. There's urgency here, but also patience, and confidence that will give you everything.


The deluxe package deepens that story with newly curated liner notes by co-producer John Koenig, alongside interviews with Brackeen, Rodby, Spencer, and Wayne Segal, son of Joe Segal. Their reflections sketch a fuller portrait of the night and the ecosystem that made it possible: the trust between musicians, the discipline of the room, and the sense that something important could happen if everyone stayed present long enough.


For Brackeen, the date stands as a testament to Henderson's generosity as a bandleader; his willingness to invite ideas rather than dictate them. Rodby recalls the elasticity of the set, how the music seemed to lengthen and contract in response to the moment. Spencer speaks to the balance required to drive the band without overwhelming it. And Wayne Segal situates the performance within his father's lifelong commitment to creating space for artists to be fully themselves. These voices don't annotate the music so much as echo it, extending the conversation across time.


Consonance feels especially vital now as it reframes Henderson as both a monument and collaborator. It reminds us that Henderson's brilliance wasn't just in his compositions or his resume, but in his capacity to meet musicians where they were, and then push them somewhere new.


The sound quality honors the performance as well. Klabin and Koenig's mastering preserves the dynamic range and tonal depth of the original tapes, while Lutthans' lacquers translate that fidelity into a vinyl experience that rewards close listening. Le Vinylist's pressing completes the chain with quiet surfaces and weighty presence, the kind that invites you to drop the needle and stay awhile.


As Resonance's first release from the Jazz Showcase archives, Consonance sets a high bar and signals a future rich with possibility. These recordings are dispatched from rooms where the music was still being figured out, night by night. And to hear Henderson in that context is to understand jazz as a living practice that resists closure even as it accumulates history.


In the end, Consonance: Live at the Jazz Showcase isn't about nostalgia. It's about the kind of continuity that resonates long after the last note fades. Through his work, Henderson asked questions with rigor and grace, and on this Chicago night in 1978, he found answers that still ring true. For listeners willing to meet the music on its own terms, the reward is profound: a front-row seat to a master at work, listening forward.””



“With Alight Upon the Lake: Live at the Jazz Showcase, Resonance Records has unearthed a rare and stunning treasure featuring an adventurous and wide-ranging jazz master in a scintillating set at one of the music's most beloved spaces. The previously unissued live recording captures the iconic saxophonist and flutist Yusef Lateef at the height of his mesmerizing powers in mid-1975, leading a superb quartet with pianist Kenny Barron, bassist Bob Cunningham and drummer Albert "Tootle" Heath at Joe Segal's legendary Jazz Showcase in Chicago.


The limited-edition 180-gram 3-LP set was restored and mastered from the original tapes by engineer and Resonance founder George Klabin, with LP mastering and lacquer cutting by Matthew Lutthans at The Mastering Lab in Salina, KS, and pressed at Quebec's boutique audiophile pressing plant Le Vinylist. The deluxe package includes newly curated liner notes by Lateef biographer Herb Boyd, plus interviews with multi-instrumentalist Bennie Maupin reminiscing about his former mentor. 


Co-produced by "Jazz Detective" Zev Feldman and Michael Velasco, the album was prepared for release with the full cooperation of the artist's widow, Ayesha Lateef. The vinyl edition will be available on Record Store Day: April 18, 2026, with the 3-CD release to follow on April 24.


"Yusef Lateef was and still remains a legend and towering figure in the legacy of this music, or 'autophysiopsychic music' as he called it," says Feldman. "Mr. Lateef was an amazing artist and I'm so impressed with how he straddled the inside and outside, covering so many different styles. There are so many personal aspects to him, someone always searching for knowledge, learning, gathering information. He put his time on this planet to great use and he is an inspiration to me.”


That inspiration stretches back to Feldman's earliest days in the music business. The producer got to know Lateef briefly when he was in his 20s, through his role as music director of his college radio station. "He'd send me promo copies of his albums, and we had some wonderful conversations,” Feldman recalls. "Any Yusef Lateef project I can do is very personal to me, and I'm pleased to see his flag waving amongst the fans of this music. We're so fortunate to have this wonderful music that's never been available before. These tapes from 1975 are a total delight for me to listen to, to put it mildly. To have all these different styles of music contained in this 3LP and 3CD set is just an amazing example of his artistry.”


Alight Upon the Lake is particularly fascinating in light of a previous Feldman-produced Lateef release, Atlantis Lullaby: The Concert from Avignon. Featuring the identical quartet and some of the same repertoire as that 1972 concert from France, Alight finds the band three years further along their collective path and back on home turf. The result is a more raucous and freewheeling set, throughout which the group digs deep into material that veers into several of the divergent directions where Lateef’s passions often led - from rapturous spiritual excursions to down-home blues romps, angular abstractions to funky standards and sensual poetic recitations.


In an interview included with the package, Bennie Maupin recalls meeting Lateef in their shared hometown of Detroit, and reflects on the lessons he gleaned from the master's teaching. "The most important things I learned from him were how to be truthful, to speak your mind creatively and how to live cleanly," Maupin says. "He was a wonderful person. Brilliant. Forever learning, forever seeking, forever gracious... The music he left us speaks for itself and for him. I do my best to reflect on many of the things that he gifted me with."


The album opens with Kenny Barron's "The Untitled," a ferocious tune that opens out into a nearly thirty-minute meditation that in itself encompasses a spectrum of Lateef's moods and methods. It's followed by the darting workout of "Mutually Exclusive," a keen-edeed Tranesque time on the "Giant Steps" model. Roy Brooks' "Eboness" is a feature for Lateef's eloquent flute playing, weaving sinuous melodies over the rhythm section's dark-hued simmer. Barron also contributed "Inside Atlantis," a burner propelled by Heath's relentless swing that takes a deep breath in order to showcase Cunningham's shimmering arco bass.


With "I Remember Webster," Lateef pays homage to one of his mentors, the late tenor giant Ben Webster, with a soulful ballad luxuriating in his own husky tenor tone. Lateef returns to the flute for Barron’s “Opus 1 & 2,” which progresses from

stark minimalist composition to swaggering R&B. On "Golden Goddess" Lateef offers a romantic ode in the guise of the wind, in one moment a window-rattling paramour, the next an impassioned tempest. The band has an obvious blast playing with the Nat King Cole classic "Straighten Up and Fly Right" before concluding with the blues, engaging the Chicago crowd in a spirited singalong during the bluesy "Yusef s Mood."


There’s little doubt that Lateef felt comfortable at the Jazz Showcase. He was one of the Windy City venue’s most frequent headlines, even playing a handful of New Year’s Eve concerts at the storied club. As Feldman points out in his notes, Lateef shared a close relationship with the club’s owner, Joe Segal. “They had a deep friendship which became clear to me as I began working through Joe Segal’s archives. Joe Segal is not here, but I know he’d be tickled to death to have a Yusef Lateef release from his archives come out. This release celebrates Lateef, Segal and their friendship.”












Friday, April 10, 2026

Remembering Wardell Gray [1921-1955] - Part 4 - Alun Morgan Essay [From the Archives]

  © Copyright ® Steven Cerra, copyright protected; all rights reserved.



The editorial staff at JazzProfiles’ initial effort to help remember and commemorate Wardell Gray on these pages began with The Ira Gitler Prestige Notes [Part 1], followed by an essay on him from a rather rare publication: Michael James, Ten Modern Jazzmen: An Appraisal of the Recorded [London: 1961] which constituted Part 2 and added Part 3 with an article by Herbie Butterfield that appeared in the October 1961 issue of Jazz Journal 9another rarity].


We now continue with Part 4 which is made up of the Alun Morgan article entitled Wardell Gray. It appeared in the January 1956 issue of the Jazz Monthly. It, too, is a rarity of sorts for while there are some fine pieces about Wardell in Jazz literature, getting a hold of a copy of them is not always easy.


“Nineteen fifty five will be remembered in the jazz world as a year which took a heavy toll of its musicians. During its course men of different styles, from Charlie Parker to Cow Cow Davenport, died leaving behind the memory of their work in the form of gramophone records, Parker, whose passing was one of the greatest single losses in the entire history of our music, died after a heart attack which came as a delayed-action culmination to a protracted period of ill health; pianist Dick Twardzick died in Paris as a result of an excessive self-administered shot of heroin. while baritone saxophonist Bob Gordon was killed in a California car accident as he was travelling to fulfil a concert engagement. Both these latter deaths serve as grim reminders of the internal and external hazards facing today's musicians.


On the 26th of May the most mysterious death came to light when tenor man Wardell Gray's body was discovered on some waste ground outside Las Vegas. He had died from a broken neck and injuries sustained to the head inflicted by an unidentified weapon. Dancer Teddy Hale was arrested and questioned on the subject of an alleged "drug party" the previous evening and confessed to moving Wardell's body after an "accident" at his flat. In Britain an EP record featuring Gray was released by Vogue, accidentally coinciding with his death and the subsequent review in the Gramophone magazine brought forth the astonishing information that "Gray was a known dope addict". 


Some thousands of miles nearer the scene of the tragedy. Gray's friends refuted all suggestions of the narcotics charge, white his employer at the time of his death, Benny Carter, was reported in Down Beat as saying: "Wardell Gray ordinarily was one of the most dependable musicians I have ever known. On this occasion he had been drinking, drinking too much, for him. We had been rehearsing or playing almost constantly for the past three days and nights. Warded had not been in the best of health recently. When he failed to make our last show on Wednesday night I thought he had gone to his room and collapsed. I still do", In a part of the world where the coloured man is often only suffered grudgingly by a white community it is not likely that the true cause of Gray's death will now be discovered.


During his lifetime Wardell achieved fame in a limited manner, although the amount of recognition he gained was disproportionate to his true musical worth. In the years immediately preceding his death he moved within the boundaries of the so-called West Coast circle without exciting the degree of interest accorded to newer and often lesser musicians. This was the price he paid for his consistency and dependability, Jazz enthusiasts are ever ready for new musical experiences and an artiste who attains the same high level for any length of time is likely to find himself cast aside upon the arrival of a less consistent but more sensational soloist.


Unlike some of his contemporaries Wardell's style changed little during his recording career. He achieved maturity early on and found no reason to alter his form of self expression. His playing took on a natural-sounding quality which suited his temperament, even if his younger listeners merely acknowledged his work and passed him by in their pilgrimages to heap praise upon men with more sophisticated and contrived methods of playing.


His earliest recorded solos were made as a member of the Earl Hines band in 1945. He joined Earl in 1943 as an alto saxist and sat in the reed section along-side tenor man Charlie Parker for a time. For the ARA label Hines recorded several sides, eight of which have been released here on the Vogue label. Wardeil may be heard on Throwin’ The Switch, Bamby, Let's Get Started and Blue Keys (EPV 1050) and Spook's Ball (EPV 1059). He plays with a broader tone than the one he used on his later recordings, but he is immediately identifiable as a musician with the potentiality of a true soloist.


Leaving Hines in 1945 Wardell settled in Los Angeles and worked there in small groups organised and led by such men as Benny Carter, Vernon Alley and Howard McGhee. When Billy Eckstine disbanded his big band and came west he signed on Wardeil for the sextet he used for his Hollywood dates. Nineteen forty seven proved to be something of a turning point in Wardell's career and certain events helped him to break away from the closed circuit of his Los Angeles activity.


On February 26th, 1947, he played on a historic session with Charlie Parker for the "Dial" label. Parker, Gray, Howard McGhee, Dodo Marmarosa, Barney Kessel, Red Caliender and Don Lamond reached a new peak of contemporary small-band jazz when they recorded Relaxin' At Camarillo. Cheers, Carvin’ The Bird and Stupendous. The following day. Wardell together with Kessel and Lamond played at a concert staged by promoter Gene Norman under the by-line "Just Jazz", In his time Norman has been responsible for organizing some outstanding gatherings of jazz musicians, occasionally adding one or two men of dubious virtue, but generally maintaining a very high standard of talent. On this occasion Wardell was teamed with tenor man Vido Musso from the Stan Kenton band, then visiting Hollywood and the "chase" passages on Just Bop (Vogue LDE101) form a most revealing comparison between two widely differing styles. Musso plays with the urgency and harsh tone which have invariably marked his work, while Gray's poise is perfect, his tone as smooth and as rounded as ever. His entries seem to be prefaced with a personal message to Vido, "Now this is how it should be played,"


At the beginning of May, Gene Norman presented a very impressive array of musicians at the Civic Auditorium in Pasadena. Wardell Gray, Red Norvo, Howard McGhee, Erroll Garner, Benny Carter, Vic Dickenson, Don Lamond, Jackie Mills, Dodo Marmarosa, Charlie Drayton, Harry Babasin, Red Callender, Irving Ashby and A! Hendrickson were on hand, while additional "name" guests included Peggy Lee and Benny Goodman. It was at this concert that Wardell played what was to become his best known solo, accompanied by a rhythm section led by Errol! Garner. The resultant Blue Lou (Vogue LAE12001) was above reproach, for it found the two main participants at their respective best form, Wardell builds chorus upon chorus with no repetitive phrases or clichés, while Erroll provides a stimulating background before launching into his own solo. One O’Clock Jump (Vogue LAE12QG1) from the same concert gave Wardell the chance to improvise at length on one of his favourite chord sequences, the blues in major key. By the common consent of his fellows he was the first soloist and took no less than eighteen choruses in. a row, verbally encouraged by the remaining frontliners.


On record it is possible to note certain aspects of the concerts in greater detail, with particular reference to Wardell Gray's own work. On the items with Garner he was given a rhythm section which played a straight, almost traditional 4/4 beat. On Groovin’ High, Hot House and Just Bop the more modern-sounding rhythm teams played with a fluid, undulating beat. Yet Wardell was also to assimilate both types of accompaniment without modifying the basic requirements of his style.


Further concerts followed, including the one issued on a marathon set of nineteen standard speed records on the "Bop" and "Savoy" labels. In June 1947 Ross Russell again used Wardell on a "Dial" session, this time pairing him with the similarly-styled Dexter Gordon for a six minute version of The Chase (Esquire 10-019). This was a friendly "carving" match between the two tenor men which had become a popular feature of jazz concerts in the area.


In the late-summer of 1947 Benny Goodman disbanded the radio band which he had been using and decided to form a regular sextet. He had been greatly impressed with the appearance of Wardell at the "Just Jazz" concert in May and offered him a job in the sextet which was later to contain clarinetist Ake Hasselgard. This was the beginning of a new chapter in Wardell’s life, for the Goodman engagement took him East at the end of the year. In December, just prior to the recording ban, Benny's sextet recorded a new version of Stealin’ Apples for Capitol on which both Wardell Gray and Fats Navarro were to be heard. Gray also played on a date under drummer J. C. Heard's name for the "Apollo" label with Joe Newman, Benny Green and Ai Haig.


In April !948 he recorded four sides “under cover" (due to the AFM ban on all recording then in force) for "Sittin' In With", a small company operated by Bobby Shad, Warden's exemplary sense of swing oversails the technical limitations of the recording equipment on Matter And Mind (a thinly veiled Idaho) and Stoned, a twelve bar. Light Gray (Fine and Dandy) and The Toup (virtually an alternative master of Stoned) from the same session have yet to be issued in Britain, although the former pair of titles will be found on Vogue EPV1064.


When Goodman gave up the Sextet in the summer of 1948 Wardell remained in New York and spent some weeks in the Count Basie band, playing the "Royal Roost" club booking and taking most of the tenor solos, while Bernie Peacock was featured on alto. On his evenings off he appeared with the Tadd Dameron Sextet at the same club and blew alongside Allen Eager and Fats Navarro, The beginning of the following year saw the relaxation of the record ban and the subsequent formation of a new big band by Benny Goodman. Wardell rejoined BG who immediately promoted him to the position of deputy leader, to front the band in the event of Goodman's absence. This feeling of admiration however was not mutual and in later years Wardell was reluctant to speak of his term of service with Benny.


The band recorded for "Capitol" although Wardell was not featured greatly. He did not solo on the studio recording of the band's best number, Undercurrent Blues, although a broadcast transcription of the number once used as a signature tune on AFN had three solo choruses of Gray's tenor. The twelve bar Hucklebuck a commercialized re-hash of Parker's Now's the Time, has a typically efficient chorus by Wardell, while the original coupling, Having A Wonderful Wish, has a dolorous vocal by Buddy Greco which is redeemed by eight bars of Warden's tenor in his best ballad style. Just prior to his visit to England to play at the London Palladium in the summer of 1949, Goodman recorded four titles with his sextet for "Capitol", three of which had fine solos by Wardell and trumpeter Doug Mettome. Mary Lou Williams' tune In The Land Of Oo-Bla-Dee has instrumental solos inset into the vocal choruses sung by Greco, while the choice of Blue Lou was probably activated by the success of Wardell’s previous record taken from the Gene Norman concert. Bedlam is a retitling of the blues which Gray recorded the year before as Stoned.


In April of 1949 pianist Al Haig made two sessions for American "Seeco", a label which, until then, had specialized in Latin American music. On four sides Haig chose Stan Getz as the featured tenor soloist, replacing him with Wardell Gray on the remainder. For two of the latter titles Goodman vocalist Terry Swope harmonised with the tenor man in the thematic choruses. In A Pinch utilizes the chorda! progression of All God's Children. Five Star is I Got Rhythm with a new middle-eight, while Sugar Hill Bop is a twelve bar with Wardell in fine form. The closing Talk Of The Town is a beautiful and sensitive interpretation of the ballad played with ail of Gray's warmth of feeling and respect for melody.


On severing his association with Goodman later in 1949 Wardell went back to the Basie fold and remained there until 1951. He played on the Columbia Basie sides dating from this period, notably Little White Lies, I’ll Remember April and his own tune Little Pony. He recorded two sessions for "Prestige", the first in New York with the combined Charlie Parker-Stan Getz rhythm section (Al Haig, Tommy Potter and Roy Haynes) which produced the aggressive but swinging Twisted and the smooth, slow Easy Living. He cut the second set of four titles in Detroit with a locally recruited rhythm section including Art Mardigan on drums. In Hollywood with Basie, he made some sides privately for Eddie Laguna which were released both here and in France by Vogue, but which have not, apparently, appeared in America. Of these the outstanding titles are the confidently played and well-titled Easy Swing (actually the Parker tune Steeplechase) and the perennial Gershwin ballad The Man I Love.


Although a native of Oklahoma City, Wardell made his new home in Los Angeles after leaving the Count.  The wheel had turned full circle from 1947 to 1951 and deposited Wardell back at his point of departure after a tour which had taken in many of the forty-eight States. West Coast concerts at which he appeared later were taped by Gene Norman (Chase and Steeplechase with Dexter Gordon and Conte Candoli on Brunswick LA8646) and by "Prestige" (Jazz On Sunset and Klddo with Clark Terry, Sonny Criss and Hampton Hawes). "Prestige" also recorded Gray at a not entirely successful session with his protégé Frank Morgan on alto and "Nu Di" expert Teddy Charles on vibes. 


A far better set of six titles was made for the same label in January 1952 using Gray's regular group which contained trumpeter Art Farmer, pianist Hampton Hawes and drummer Larry Marable. Four of the tunes have now appeared here on "Esquire' (EP 91) comprising two blues, Jackie and Farmers Market (both vocalized later by Annie Ross with suitable lyrics), April Skies based on the I’ll Remember April sequence and Bright Boy.


Gene Norman, the man who had recognized Gray's talents in 1947 and devoted so much record time to his work, organized an eight-title session built around a small Ellington group. Wardell was added to the Ducal line-up and was given a long solo feature on the Hodges stand-by The Jeep is Jumpin. On Billy Strayhorn's arrangement of Johnny Come Lately the tenor man blew one of the best solos of the day and was obviously very much at home in yet another set of musical surroundings.


Norman Granz picked Wardell for the large band he assembled in the "Clef" studio under the leadership of Louis Bellson and featured him strongly on Don Redman's For Europeans Only. Granz used Gray later in an all-star Jam Session with Stan Getz, Harry Edison, Buddy De Franco, Count Basie, etc. The last recordings before his death were made with a group under the leadership of Frank Morgan (to be released here by Vogue) and supervised by Gene Norman.


Wardell Gray achieved an excellent reputation amongst other musicians as a man of consistency, imagination, technique, unfailing good taste and, pervading all these other qualities, a sense of swing almost unrivalled in jazz. Due to his encouragement and help, younger men, notably Art Farmer, Frank Morgan, Frank Foster and Paul Quinichette, gained experience and a guiding hand along the difficult pathway to progress. Wardell was possessed of a likeable personality and an equable temperament which eschewed petty backstage bickerings. Through no fault of his own he lacked only one important quality, namely the respect and public recognition due to an artiste of his calibre.


Jazz is very much poorer by his passing.”


Wednesday, April 8, 2026

Wardell Gray and Dexter Gordon - Some Early Two Tenor "Duels"

 


Remembering Wardell Gray [1921-1955] - Part 3 - the Herbie Butterfield Essay [From the Archives]

  © Copyright ® Steven Cerra, copyright protected; all rights reserved.

“The death of Wardell Gray has not been completely cleared up but it is not for us to attempt to solve any mysteries here. …. His life, rather than his death, is what concerns us.


Whatever he played swung, for primarily Wardell was a swinger. Moving along at up-tempo, he would still exhort the rhythm section to ‘bear down.’"

- Ira Gitler, Jazz author and critic


“We remember Wardell Gray, then, for his gaiety of temper and for his unremitting swing; above all his is a danceable sound. His sonority was more forthright and open than Lester Young's, although from this it should not be inferred that his tone had much in common with the weighty eloquence of the Hawkins school. There is never any suggestion of strain, no impression that he is heaving both his lungs into his instrument. Like Young, he withheld his attack, so that there is a basis of effortless ease and lightness in his tone, which is not discernible in Hawk's followers. But around this lightness he managed to create a final product of a more echoing and assertive sonority, an essentially outgoing sound, which differentiates him immediately from most other tenormen,....”

- Herbie Butterfield


The editorial staff at JazzProfiles’ initial effort to help remember and commemorate Wardell Gray on these pages began with The Ira Gitler Prestige Notes [Part 1] and followed with an essay on him from a rather rare publication: Michael James, Ten Modern Jazzmen: An Appraisal of the Recorded [London: 1961] which constituted Part 2.


We now continue with Part 3 which is made up of the Herbie Butterfield article entitled Wardell Gray. It appeared in the October 1961 issue of the Jazz Journal. It could also be considered as a rarity of sorts for while there are some fine pieces about Wardell in Jazz literature, getting a hold of a copy of them is not always easy.


Fortunately, I belong to a Jazz chat group with a membership that is made up of many kind and caring people from all over the world who have come to my aid on many occasions.


One such Jazz buddy lives in New Zealand and sent along the following Herbie Butterfield essay on Wardell Gray appended to the message below. To add to this grand gesture, he even typed it out for me because the original is in a bound volume and therefore not easy to scan.


“Hi Steve,


I decided that you should have the 'missing' Jazz Journal article from October 1961, so here it is. 


I've changed the album catalogue reference for the most part to US issues, but the best "Blue Lou" versions are on European labels - the best of all being on French Master of Jazz MJCD171, which includes a rehearsal take, and the concert performance unedited at 9:43 (most other issues have shortened versions).


The JJ article is a bit weird (which is why I thought you should have it!) and I wonder why the author never mentions Stan Getz anywhere.


Cheers,


Your New Zealand Jazz Buddy”


Mr. Butterfield’s essay is not easy to read. One might even characterize it as “a bit weird,” but it deserves to be read because of the uniqueness of his views on Wardell and his music and because he has gone to great lengths to state his opinions accurately, with examples, but without apologies.


WARDELL GRAY    Jazz Journal   October 1961


"Music expresses absolutely nothing," said Stravinsky, thus relegating the compositions of most of his Romantic forebears to the status of glorious red herrings. Such an iconoclastic blast must have been pleasantly refreshing at the time of its pronouncement, when too many accepted too incuriously music's correlation with personal emotions. It needed saying that a musical phrase was a series of sounds arranged in a certain order before it was a statement of sadness. It will probably always need the saying, the reminding. 


Whether there is a fundamental connection between a specific musical figure and the emotional effect it is likely to produce in the listener, or how much such an effect can be explained in terms of a reflex action engendered by tradition, both private and communal, is a point of discussion to which I an entirely unequipped to contribute. I must leave it to the professional aesthetician, psychologist or neurologist.


Nevertheless, only the tiniest and most specialist minority do not refer music in some way to an emotional universe, and for the purposes of this essay I am presuming that certain phrases, tempi, accents do communicate certain emotional moods more effectively than others. On that basis we are back where we started before Stravinsky and (setting aside the Romantic composers, who intend in the very nature of their music that the job of emotive description shall be easy for us) can grant a deep sadness to the slow movement of a Vivaldi concerto, a loneliness to the Bartok of the late string quartets, and a gaiety to Mozart. And here at last, with the mention of gaiety, we are approaching the substance of my article- which is about jazz, believe it or not.


As a parentheses I will add that this preamble is intended as an apology for the fact that emotive descriptions, which have no pure musical authority, of musicians and tracks will often be crucial to my argument. I have attempted to justify the relative usefulness of such descriptions, and also to admit their final invalidity. As it is, in jazz, where the musician's instrument so frequently is intentionally the voice of his mood and temper, this lack of validity would seem less serious.


I have promised to enter my article on the note of 'gaiety,’ because this quality above all others seems to permeate the work of Wardell Gray, and to be present in his music to a more infectious extent than in other recent jazz musicians.


Gaiety, let us distinguish it from the genial frivolity of many Dixieland groups, the extravagant high spirits of Lionel Hampton, the exuberance of various Basie units, the buoyancy of Mulligan, the sophisticated insolence of Charlie Mingus. Gaiety: extricated from the neon-lit strait-jacket of glamour and riches, it contains surely an idea of the celebration of being alive, or joy, unadulterated and not particularly formulated, in the act of living. It is not quite a religious joy, rather a joyfulness that retains essential contact with earth and social community. Yet this quality of gaiety, this generalized emotional attitude that I am seeking to define, is not insensitive to distant misery. It is underpinned by an awareness of the abundant deprivations and brutalities of living, by a latent melancholy. If all this adds up to 'gaiety,' then it was a communication of gaiety that was Wardell Gray's most precious contribution to his art and to us.


Born in 1921, in his prime during the late 40's and early 50's before his death in 1955, Gray belonged to a generation in which generally dissatisfaction, coherent anguish and sometimes incoherent despair were expressed. The supreme embodiment of these moods we find in the music of Charlie Parker, whose life-span was exactly contemporary. A comparison of opposites is not threatened. Charlie Parker was one of the two or three great innovators and revolutionaries of jazz, the prototype for countless excellent or inferior musicians. 


Wardell Gray affected the course of jazz not at all, gave only to one isolated musician here the example of his tone, to another there the example of his fluency. But his uniqueness, his almost greatness, lies in the fact that, while he was not the pioneer, he was the individual who could hear, mark, learn and inwardly digest, and eventually reappear with the manner duly improved, or at least changed, but the meaningful spirit intact. Thus, while he learnt extensively from Parker and Lester Young in particular, he did not imitate them. 


He heard Young, and learnt the rhythmic relaxation, the concealed situation of accent and the lyrical continuity; but did not exchange his own greater personal assurance for the reticence of Young's playing with Basie. He heard Parker, and adapted his own harmonic and phraseological concepts; but did not attempt to expropriate the Bird's private angst, since his sense of ease and joyfulness did not require it. The musical result of the integration of these lessons into a strong individuality was to make Wardell Gray the first completely satisfying modern tenorist - a modern saxophonist exceptional for his joie de vivre.


If historical categories are helpful, Gray was undoubtedly a modern jazz musician in both the structure and intonation of his solos. But in another respect he came near the end, rather than the beginning of a line- a line of steady and uncomplicated swingers. For, if we exclude the older generation of mainstreamers, from whom much fine jazz, but little new direction can now be expected, and the Desmond-Mulligan-Sims axis which seems temporarily disinclined to contribute anything to the extension of rhythmic conceptions, there are few young musicians who seek to same rhythmic continuity, the same type of constant rhythmic flow, that satisfied Wardell Gray. 


Rollins and Griffin indeed swing massively, but massive is the operative word. They shove or lunge their way into motive realms of swing where Gray rode over the top. The rhythmic concepts of Ornette Coleman and Coltrane are as different as their music is different. Miles Davis 'contains' a viable swing, like he contains practically everything else, but he does not announce it. And it is from three or four of these musicians that we listen for new developments in spontaneous small group jazz. I think only of Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Stilt, and more delicately, Art Pepper, as having the same lissome, unfragmented and relatively conservative attitude to swing as had Wardell Gray. That in this one respect I find the consistent impetus of musicians like Gray and Clifford Brown more congenial than the rhythmical tugs-of-war of their living counterparts may, admittedly, be a sign that I've started out on the way to a new mouldy fig cry.


We remember Wardell Gray, then, for his gaiety of temper and for his unremitting swing; above all his is a danceable sound. His sonority was more forthright and open than Lester Young's, although from this it should not be inferred that his tone had much in common with the weighty eloquence of the Hawkins school. There is never any suggestion of strain, no impression that he is heaving both his lungs into his instrument. Like Young, he withheld his attack, so that there is a basis of effortless ease and lightness in his tone, which is not discernible in Hawk's followers. But around this lightness he managed to create a final product of a more echoing and assertive sonority, an essentially outgoing sound, which differentiates him immediately from most other tenormen, and which has found disciples in Frank Foster and Billy Root.


Harmonically he was not adventurous. The story of the development of his phrasing is the story of the gradual incorporation of Parker's harmonic expansions into his own playing. This process was as complete as it was ever to become by the late 40s, after which most of his best work was recorded. There is rarely a sense of harmonic drama and potential- the lucid fluency of his earlier melodic lines was not so easily banished. There is less phraseological contrast than in Parker and his immediate circle, and the dramatic nature of many of his solos accrues rather from the manipulation of accent and the accumulation of choruses towards a climax or anti-climax, predictable in comparison with Bird. Nevertheless, if he was not an innovator, Gray was in no way a musical hack, and his solos are always very stimulating and inventive. It is only in the historical context that he appears harmonically unenterprising, lacking the curiosity of Rollins or Coltrane.


I have said that the predominant emotional mood of Wardell Gray was one of gaiety, touched with melancholy. The presence of melancholy saved the joy from becoming mere boisterous exuberance, but it was never more than a presence, a recognition of the existence of unhappiness. The gaiety was always the official front, and this, over a concerted listening to Gray's music, makes for a lack of emotional variety and versatility, even a certain monotony. Monotony in individual records there is none, and indeed the complaint is only relative. But compare Gray's pensive polished and essentially unharassed Loverman with Parker's fumbling, disorganized and anguished rendering of the same number, and we are hearing a competent craftsman beside an inspired poet. This is a hard comparison, particularly as Gray was a medium- and up-tempo musician whose talents were not best displayed in the ballad, however many pleasant and restful ones he may have recorded. But when an artist's work is judged in toto, unless we are to applaud him for the supreme expression of a single mood, a limited emotional range must tend to constitute an aesthetic weakness.


As yet I have not mentioned specific Gray recordings, and the reason I have not found the need to do so is implied in the last paragraph. His regularity of emotional attitude and high musical craftsmanship result in turn in a commendable consistency of standard. He recorded no disasters, remarkable little interior work, and fewer really memorable pieces than others of his stature, more familiar with the off-night. Anyway, I am more concerned with persuading people to listen to a musician who deserves a larger audience, than with examining the internal structure of individual records.


As a sideman he plays chiefly with the bands of Carter, Goodman and Basie. His fine recordings with Goodman are unfortunately now deleted from the English catalogue, but he can be heard on several Basie big band and smaller group sessions at the turn of the 50s (e.g. Fontana TFL 5046). Inevitably he is heard to best advantage in the smaller combos, most conspicuously the vital and inspiring One O 'Clock Jump with Buddy DeFranco scraping piccolo heights on clarinet. He was also on form in a longer concert version of this same number in 1947- a session which produced in addition a magnificent Blue Lou (Vogue LAE 12001 - Gene Norman Presents, Boplicity CDBOP 014). At this time the Parker influence was slender, and his affinities with the ebullient poll-winners of the 40's more apparent. But he is perhaps heard at his most characteristic fronting his own groups, where his gaiety and fluency can dominate the proceedings. Many of these tracks have been included in his two Memorial albums (Prestige P7008 & 7009).


Move and Scrapple From The Apple (on Prestige P7009)) are from a live session in 1950. Move is taken at a furious tempo, but contains a weak pianist (Jimmy Bunn) and a drummer who is defeated by the speed (Chuck Thompson). Indeed, it is almost too much for Clark Terry and the versatile but slightly facile altoist Sonny Criss, but Gray and his tenor rival, Dexter Gordon, come out of it with evidence of technical virtuosity that would not have shamed a Bechet or a Gillespie. On Scrapple From The Apple Gray takes a dreamy, lilting solo, with long runs in the middle register aspiring towards lightly stressed notes in the higher octave. The reverse side of this album is a successful date with Art Farmer and Hampton Hawes. The formula, employed for all except the two ballads, for Farmer and Gray playing first and last chorus in unison, inclines towards monotony, but in between patience is rewarded by some forthright solo piano and contrasted fill-in chords in accompaniment from Hawes, and by beautifully agile and inventive solos from Gray on Jackie, Bright Boy and Farmer's Market. As I've said before, the ballads - Loverman is one of them- are pensive rather than poignant, a little stylised, a little pedestrian.


The other album (Prestige P 7008) contains a rather messy session with Teddy Charles, in which the vibraphonist tends to interrupt rather than illuminate the solos of his musicians, and the ensembles sound disarrayed. At this late stage of his life (1953) Gray seemed to be developing a greater acerbity of tone than previously, a more brazen sonority, as is apparent in The Man I Love, and in the opening bars of Paul's Cause. But in the main his elegance, perhaps a legacy of his years with the graceful Benny Carter, contrasts well with the hectic striving of altoist Frank Morgan. The other numbers on this album come from the best studio get-togethers that Gray ever attended. In 1949 he met Al Haig, Tommy Potter and Roy Haynes. Among others, they recorded Twisted and Southside, in which Gray, from an initial restraint, gradually unfolds and eventually blossoms into swinging and ranging solos. The other session was made, with an unexceptional but musicianly accompaniment, in Detroit in 1950. A Sinner Kissed An Angel ranks with Easy Living (Prestige P 7009) as the best ballad that Wardell recorded. Here, as rarely elsewhere, he shows affinities with Johnny Hodges, in his floating high notes and lyrical use of glissandi, crescendo and diminuendo. The uptempo blues Grayhound and Treadin' are superb examples of Gray's powerful accumulation and subtle modulation of phrases and whole choruses for dramatic purposes. I would recommend either of these intelligently supervised albums to anyone interested in hearing a representative selection of Wardell Gray's music.


Wardell Gray died when he was only 34. That he died so early does not leave us with quite the cheated feeling and scope for tantalizing speculation as do the deaths of artists who were leading their times, like Bix, Christian, Parker and Clifford Brown. Most probably he would have been playing in much the same vein today. But that does not lessen one's sense of loss, because I for one could well do with a new album from Wardel! Gray every so often. I think jazz could, too. While the innovators are forging new paths, jazz needs its work-a-day exponents. And that's what Wardell was - a great working jazz musician.”


Listen to him, for he's the stuff that jazz is made of - and I hope always will be, if it is to remain a dance music, a social music, as well as a developing art form.”


Herbie Butterfield