“Albam's writing is characterized by the spaces he allows for solos, and by the fact that his arrangements invariably swing; he shuns over-ornamentation, and his lines are ready-made for the skilled performer.
He explains his approach this way: "I try to keep my writing simple enough so that there are no reading hangups; the parts can be read very quickly. And in addition to leaving spaces for soloists, I like to have it so that even the written figures can be interpreted in different ways by different players. The musicians in this album—like Al Cohn and Bob Brookmeyer—are especially satisfying to write for because their work suits this method so well. I can write breaks for them, and that helps me get away from the usual pattern of the first chorus, a couple of solos, and then the out chorus. And Osie Johnson's a wonderful help. Besides laying the time down, he leaves it loose. He never gets in the way of the arrangement, and if a player wants to go a little longer or a little shorter, Osie follows him. He's a beautiful musician"
These scores, in fact, illustrate how unpretentiously and functionally Manny's arrangements do swing—with the aid, of course, of several consistently imaginative jazzmen. …”
West Side Story premiered on Broadway in 1957 and a film adaptation appeared four years later after which followed a number of Jazz Impression of the Leonard Bernstein [Sid Ramin and Irwin Kostal orchestrated] music and Steven Sondheim lyrics for the show to which Arthur Laurents provided the book [stryline] and Jerome Robbins the choreography.
Jazz versions of Individual songs from West Side Story abound in the broader Jazz discography.
However, one Jazz Impression of the show is often overlooked: Manny Albam and His Jazz Greats Play the Music of West Side Story [Fresh Sound Records FSR CD-545].
“In the late 40s Emmanuel (Manny) Albam put away his baritone saxophone because it was getting in the way of his pen. From then on, he established himself firmly as one of the most skilled, perhaps the busiest, of all the freelance arrangers on the New York scene. Although he worked with great success in the pop field, he was usually associated with jazz. His originals for Basie, Herman, Gibbs, Ferguson, and other big bands are as familiar as the many remarkable LPs listed under his own name.
With West Side Story, Albam achieved one of his greatest works. Most of the material is emotionally charged and moody, but the precise execution of Al barn's inspired arrangements, along with superbly apt solos, injected considerably more jazz life into Bernstein's provocative score.” — Jordi Pujol
The original liner notes from the 12" LP album WEST SIDE STORY - Coral CRL 57207 were written by Manny and they afford a unique opportunity to understand how an arranger goes about creating a Jazz interpretation of music written for another idiom.
The music which Mr. Bernstein composed for the "West Side Story" depicts the tension, turbulence and torment of adolescence. When this adolescence occurs amid the concrete and exhaust fumes of New York tenements, we can, more likely than not, expect chaos, yet not without a particular humor.
When I sat and listened to the prologue to this opera-ballet at the Winter Garden, it was obvious from the first few bars that this was to be musical with an unhappy theme and probably an unhappy ending. This struck me as being different from any "musical" (other than opera) that I had up to this point seen or heard. The ballet music and "special" material never left doubt as to the effect that Mr. Bernstein wished to have his listeners feel. The prominent theme was unrest with an almost equal amount of musical whimsy. The jazz-like thematic structure showed the troubled adolescent, whereas the almost religious quality of the love ballads showed the innocence and sensitivity which is almost always found beneath the tough outer armor of the same person. The jazz is dissonant (not all jazz that one encounters is dissonant) to a degree of creating, in all who hear, a feeling of foreboding and disquietude. And, in beautiful dramatic contrast, the tenderness of the ballads (with just enough occasional dissonance so that the listener is always aware of the makeup of the characters) shows us that young love oversteps the bounds of juvenile unrest.
In creating a jazz version of the music from this score, I became aware of the thematic sense of it in the form of material that a jazz player could draw from in order to have his message read to the hearer. In some instances I found it necessary to regiment the songs into a form with which the soloists would feel free to apply their own ideas and yet retain the flavor of the original. As this idea developed it became obvious that I would have to orchestrate the ballads as simply as possible to provide the proper contrast which Bernstein originally felt. The songs "Maria" and "Somewhere" were orchestrated with absolute simplicity and "Tonight" with a bit of swing to it, because in its original quintet form, the characters "Riff" and "Bernardo" were there to interpolate their remarks into the piece.
The "Jet Song", the song of the "Jets", a juvenile gang (not the high-speed flying machines), is blues-like in structure. I thought of "I Feel Pretty", originally a happy waltz, as a happy swinging score with the soloists having their say in the matter. "Something's Coming" finds a bright-tempoed arrangement in order, as the song depicts future unrest among the cast. I used the tempo change as a device to further the instability of the meaning of the number. "Cool" is a slower grooved vehicle for the orchestra which allows the muted trumpet to have a cooling influence upon the hearer. In the final score, "Finale", which is a potpourri of some of the previous melodies and introduces us to "America", a rousing Latin-American tune, and "One Hand, One Heart" (which was scored for three trumpets and bass violin with a small hint of "Somewhere" by the trombone brought back as an afterthought), it was my intention to wrap up the various moods of the score into one number by restating some of the other songs.
I owe a great deal to the musicianship of every player in the final analysis of the sounds heard herein. The soloists and "part players" alike share with Leonard Bernstein, who provided the impetus with his highly imaginative and provocative score, the spotlight for the production of this album.”
“By any measure, Zeitlin's creative output over the past 50 years places him at jazz's creative zenith."
- Andrew Gilbert,JazzTimes
“He is the jazz world’s most visible Renaissance man — a full time practicing psychiatrist, a medical school teacher, and a world class jazz musician.”
- Don Heckman, Los Angeles Times
“Over the years I've had the opportunity to perform in a wide range of venues-from jazz festival stages for thousands of outdoor fans to jazz clubs with fewer than a hundred listeners. And while there is a special excitement in sharing music with a huge crowd, I find myself drawn more to the intimate settings, like Mezzrow. Spike Wilner and his staff have created a unique place for music in a long basement room in NYC's Greenwich Village. He keeps his Steinway Grand in perfect shape; the acoustics are miraculously superb; and people are really listening. During this trio gig with Buster Williams and Matt Wilson, it felt like we were all in it together-players and listeners deeply involved in the emerging music. // This CD marks our 18th year as a trio, and though we don't perform that often, due to the complexities of schedules and the demands of my psychiatric practice and teaching, the music has continued to evolve. Our two nights at Mezzrow were inspiring, and I hope you will enjoy this CD, our 5th album together.”
-Denny Zeitlin, insert notes Denny Zeitlin Live at Mezzrow - Sunnyside Records [SSC 1582]
If improvisation is the key ingredient in Jazz, you sure get your money’s worth when you listen to pianist Denny Zeitlin’s music. Improvisation is the heart and soul [and mind] of everything Denny’s plays. Even when he states the well-known melody of Gershwin’s The Man I Love on his latest CD for Sunnyside Records [SSC 1582] - Denny Zeitlin Live at Mezzrow - he can’t resist inflecting it with Zeitlinisms. It’s as though his mind is seeing parallel melodic universes and he is trying to get them all in view at the same time.
I suppose when you have a technique as dazzling as Denny’s and it’s been well-honed over 60 years of performing, technical limitations are no longer an obstacle and you can pretty much put out onto the instrument whatever you are conceptualizing.
Or as the late pianist Bill Evans put it in a 1979 interview:
“ … it's such an accumulative thing, you know, the ability to manipulate music in some kind of a comprehensive way. And I've really just kind of dealt with it piece by piece over a long period of time, and it seems that at this point in my idiom I enjoy a certain amount of freedom.
I mean, I've come to the point where I have a great deal of enjoyment playing, whereas for many years it was bringing a great deal of concentration to bear — conscious concentration of technical things, you know, having to think a great deal — at the same time trying to leave one part of my mind free to just be the expressive part. Now it's more that I can enjoy almost the total expressive part, and I'm thinking only at less-conscious levels about technical things. So I have arrived at that point, which is very enjoyable, but it's taken a tremendous amount of preparatory years and efforts.”
You have to be careful how you use the word “conscious” around a practicing psychiatrist, which Denny has been for over half a century, so I’ll go with awareness instead because Denny has an almost instantaneous grasp of the melodic, harmonic and rhythmic possibilities of each song or tune that he improvises on such that his ability to interweave between these, three musical elements creates the “texture” or sonority of his music.
Let me explore this concept further by returning to Denny’s approach to the opening track of the CD - The Man I Love.”
The first piano trio version of The Man I Love that I remember hearing in the modern idiom was one done by Erroll Garner. It appeared on a 10” Columbia Records House Party Extended Play album and features Garner’s orchestral piano in a languid out-of-tempo solo piano introduction for the rendering of the first chorus before he switches to a stop time vamp after which bass and drums join in for an uptempo romp that features Erroll’s no-holds barred approach to improvisation with its thumping left-hand accompaniment.
The long rubato introduction and the multi-chorus rush-to-the-finish line Garner track provides a linear or horizontal basis for the texture [sound of/sonority] of his interpretation.
But with Denny, the linear framework is found in Buster Williams’ bass line over which Denny vertically integrates fragments of the original melody, harmonic substitutions and rhythmic displacement so that the improvisation flows and the texture or sonority becomes a continuum of sound. Add to this Matt Wilson’s implied beat on drums along with lots of “coloring” through the use of splash cymbals, rim shots and bass drum accents and the sonic texture of the music begins to wash over and engulf the listener.
Denny, Buster and Matt deconstructed and then reconstructed their way through Monk’s I Mean You in a similar manner along with Dancing in the Dark, Billy Strayhorn’s Intimacy of the Blues and Wayne Shorter’s Paraphernalia.
The recording’s media release uses phrases such as “accrued intensity,” “esoterically free,” “tricky harmonic and rhythmic changes” to allude to how Denny, Buster and Matt achieved textual variety in the music, and I think that these are all valid phrases to help explain the music on this recording in words [always, an impossible task, at best].
While all the excitement is going on in the faster paced tracks, it makes the slower interpretations of Denny’s original Echoes of a Kiss, Billy Strayhorn’s The Star-Crossed Lovers and quiet bossa nova interpretation Strayhorn’s Isfahan even more appealing by way of contrast.
Denny once described his most comfortable performing venue as the “merger state:” one in which the music, musicians, audience and performance space are almost indistinguishable from one another.
This Mezzrow performance by Denny, Buster and Matt may just be the apotheosis of that state.
To preview the music or for order information go here.
Here’s the good news. If you are a fan of Crime and Spy Jazz in film and on television from 1950-1970, much of it is readily available to you via video and audio file sharing services, either through free usage online or by way of subscription services.
And, here’s more good news. If you’d like a chronological road map to organize your journey through Crime and Spy Jazz on Screen, 1950-1970, all you need to do is click on this link to order Derrick Bang’s new book on the subject direct from McFarland, its publisher.
By way of background, “Derrick Bang has written film, television, music and general entertainment commentary for magazines and local newspapers since 1974, and supplies regular columns and features to The Davis Enterprise. He lives in Davis, California.”
You may also recall an earlier feature on this page regarding Derrick’s previous book for McFarland - Vince Guaraldi at the Piano - which is still available from the publisher by going here.
In order to put you in the frame (sorry, I couldn’t resist) with more information about Derrick’s delightful new book, here’s a blip from its media release:
“Henry Mancini’s Peter Gunn theme. Lalo Schifrin’s Mission: Impossible theme. Isaac Hayes’ theme from Shaft. John Barry’s arrangement of the James Bond theme. These iconic melodies have remained a part of the pop culture landscape since their debuts back when movie studios and TV production companies employed full orchestral ensembles to provide a jazz backdrop for the suspenseful adventures of secret agents, private detectives, cops, spies and heist-minded criminals. Hundreds of additional films and television shows made from the mid–1950s and beyond have been propelled by similarly swinging title themes and underscores, many of which have (undeservedly) faded into obscurity. This meticulously researched book traces the embryonic use of jazz in mainstream entertainment from the early 1950s - when conservative viewers still considered this genre “the devil’s music - to its explosive heyday throughout the 1960s.
Fans frustrated by the lack of attention paid to jazz soundtrack composers — including Jerry Goldsmith, Edwin Astley, Roy Budd, Quincy Jones, Dave Grusin, Jerry Fielding, Mort Stevens, Laurie Johnson, Mike Post, Earle Hagen, David Shire, Elmer Bernstein and many, many others — will find solace in these pages (along with all the information needed to enhance one’s music library). But this is only half the story; the saga’s origins are discussed in this book’s companion volume, Crime and Action Jazz on Screen: Since 1970.”
Fans of this Jazz genre will also benefit immensely from the accompanying discography - all 24 pages of it! - which is infinitely helpful at identifying entire soundtracks or compilations of scores and themes, the label citations for these recordings and, in some cases, the musicians who performed on these films and television programs.
Aside from its comprehensiveness - the phrase “well -researched” is an understatement, here - the other unique ingredient that forms a treat for the reader is the ease with which the story unfolds.
Rarely is a book so full of facts and information a page-turner, and yet, this one is and that’s largely because of Mr. Bang’s gifts as a storyteller. Some people have a way with words and he is one of them. His style is clear, concise and coherent.
For those readers whose viewing experiences include many of the films and TV shows described and discussed in the book, Mr. Bang’s narrative writing skills help them come alive again while also providing fresh perspectives and additional insights about how the music was developed and how it was used to enhance the visual experiences.
Those readers coming to these crime and spy movies and television specials and series for the first time now have a guidebook that places them back in the socio-cultural context from which these programs evolved.
In an age when writing 8 bars of original music is considered a luxury to be used in conjunction with an array of synthesized sound effects as a film or television score, re-visiting a time when “... composer Henry Mancini delivered original scores for every single one of the 114 episodes [of the “Peter Gunn” TV series] … [with] many episodes featuring up to 15 minutes of music” is like being given entry to Film Composer Nirvana.
And as an “extra added attraction” (sorry, could resist the urge to insert more show biz lingo), Mr. Bang tells the story from the point-of-view of The Big Screen and the Small Screen domestically AND “From Across The Pond” AND from”Elsewhere In The World.” It’s almost as though you are viewing the topic through parallel universes.
These different angles of acceptance enrich the reading experience and keep the reader involved in Mr. Bang’s quest to uncover and scope out more examples of crime and spy Jazz on screen domestically, “on the Continent,” and internationally. Looked at another way, you can never get too much of a good thing - at least while it lasted, anyway. Did I mention that these days, 8 bars of original music …?
The period from 1947-1959 is covered in the first five chapters and thereafter we get a year-by-year prospectus of the 1960s films and television shows that featured Jazz.
Although they are in black and white, the book contains lots of poster art, record covers and publicity photographs that help rekindle memories and/or spark curiosity about silver screen and television crime and spy Jazz themes and scores.
Movies and Television programs have been described as The Lively Arts that bring together dramatic story-telling, expository writing, music, photography and a host of technical audio-video skills to create an imagined-reality, viewing experience . Derrick's book offers the reader many examples of how these elements come into play with crime and spy Jazz on screen from 1950-1970.
Thus, we learn concerning Leith Stevens score for The Wild One,a 1953 movie starring Marlon Brando:
“Stevens initially drew the scoring assignment, but Brando—although only a few years into his big-screen career—already was calling some shots. "Marlon had heard an album by Shorty Rogers' small group," recalled trombonist Milt Bernhart. "He wanted it as source music, [so] everything that came from the jukebox was by Shorty. Because of that [film], Shelly [Manne], me, Bud [Shank], Pete Candoli, Conrad Gozzo, and anybody who could play bebop and read music started to get calls on motion pictures. The Wild One really broke the ice."”
Or, concerning the 1953 film based on Mickel Spillane’s I, Jury Derrick provides this description of the “the film’s strongest asset …” before introducing us to its “... dim-bulb palooka…:”
“By this point, 34-year-old ex-Army Air Corps flight instructor-turned-author Mickey Spillane had produced seven novels starring very-hard-boiled private detective Mike Hammer. Spillane's notoriously violent creation first hit the big screen in director/scripter Harry Essex's fitfully entertaining adaptation of I, the Jury. The film's strongest asset is its richly atmospheric look: late-night dark shadows, foreboding long shots and unsettlingly tight close-ups, all courtesy of veteran noir cinematographer John Alton. Too bad, then, that star Biff Elliott is such a disappointment as Hammer; his bearing and mush-mouthed line deliveries make Mike look and sound like a dim-bulb palooka who couldnt tie his own shoes, let alone solve a complicated murder mystery.”
Chapter 2: Dreamsville: 1957-1958 opens with this summary statement which succinctly keys the reader into the importance of this year in the history crime and spy Jazz on screen, 1950-1970:
“Everything changed overnight, thanks to a jazz pianist/arranger who worked with the reformed Glenn Miller Orchestra following his World War II service, and who in 1952 became an extremely busy member of the Universal Pictures music department, where he was affectionately known as "Hank."
But that didn't happen until September 22,1958.”
Of course, even among the uninformed a wild guess would more than likely bring us to the Peter Gunn television series about which Derrick has this to say:
Peter Gunn solved his first case on September 22,1958: a nasty little caper titled "The Kill," which revolves around a criminal gang's attempt to extort protection money from the owner of the club—Mother's—where Pete hangs out. Viewers were enchanted: not merely by star Craig Stevens, who epitomizes debonair sophistication, athletic grace and droll verbal wit; but also by the ultra-hip score that shadows his every step. The music isn't present merely in Mother's, where the resident jazz combo provides a steady succession of swinging tunes; the luxuriously vibrant aural tapestry turns non-diegetic and trails Pete as he follows leads, evades death and solves each case. Nor was this a collection of overexposed library cues; it was fresh jazz from the West Coast "cool" school It stayed that way during the show's three-season run on NBC and ABC; composer Henry Mancini delivered original scores for every single one of the 114 episodes. They aren't sparse, either; many episodes feature up to 15 minutes of music.
The show's graphic title credits are rather bland: the music behind them, anything but. This brief version of Mancini's iconic "Peter Gunn Theme" runs barely 20 seconds, giving viewers just a taste of the captivating bass line and attention-grabbing melody; a more developed version, lasting close to a minute, plays behind each episode's end credits.
"The Peter Gunn title theme actually derives more from rock and roll than from jazz," Mancini explained. "I used guitar and piano in unison, playing what is known in music as an ostinato, which means obstinate. It was sustained throughout the piece, giving it a sinister effect, with some frightened saxophone sounds and some shouting brass."”
Derrick’s descriptive writing skills are also right on the mark when it comes to a lesser known film from this period - The Strange One:
“Sexual tension, cruelty and duplicity also are front and center in The Strange One, a ferocious denunciation of macho bad behavior in military academies. Author/playwright Calder Willingham turned his 1947 novel into a play for New York's Actors Studio, where the off-Broadway cast included a young James Dean. Most of the stage cast reprised their roles when Willingham further adapted the material for the screen in 1957, but Dean's untimely death precluded his participation. The subject matter was quite raw for its time, and surprisingly blunt even when viewed through the lens of history. The story takes place at the fictitious Southern Military College; the place is in thrall to Jocko De Paris (Ben Gazzara), a sadistic bully who torments freshmen newcomers who, by virtue of academic rank, aren't able to fight back.
Kenyon Hopkins' score immediately unnerves viewers, with a jarring blast of horns that plays over the Columbia Pictures logo. This segues into the films swinging, sax-driven title theme: an almost charming melody rendered disconcerting by long descending runs on edgy strings. It's the perfect statement of Jocko's dual personality—oddly charismatic on the outside, pure evil on the inside—and, in fact, it becomes his theme.
Saucy jump jazz—with a swinging sax solo—plays on a diner jukebox during one tense scene; the juke later shifts to boogie-style arrangement of the main theme, with some nasty sax and guitar licks intensifying viewer anxiety. When the cadets finally rebel, another reprise of the main theme dissolves into agitated horns when Jocko is confronted and then driven, blindfolded, to what he believes will be his own execution.
"I used a twelve-tone technique, which I don't use ordinarily in a theatrical film," Hopkins explained, when interviewed shortly after the film's release.
"The commercial melodies and the juke-boxes and the twelve-tone chase which comes at the end of the picture are all related. The theme used in the final chase is the tune called 'The Strange One,' used in a twelve-tone form. If you listen to the album a couple of times, you can see the relationship of the whole thing.””
The first volume continues in this manner, chockablock with information, descriptions, analyses, bibliographic and discographical references to Crime and Action Jazz on Screen: 1950-1970.
In addition to the “Everything changed overnight…” Peter Gunn score by Henry Mancini, I anticipated with great delight what Derrick had to say about three of my favorites in this genre: The Saint, The Cincinnati Kid and Bullitt. Here are some excerpts from the book to help give a sense of Derrick’s style of writing.
The Saint
“The Avengers was a UK phenomenon when Series 3 concluded on March 21,1964,....
Meanwhile, UK television viewers had become equally transfixed by a charming rogue with a venerable background: Simon Templar, better known as The Saint, who debuted in author Leslie Charteris' 1928 novel, Meet the Tiger. During the next three decades and change, as Charteris continued to feature The Saint in three dozen novels and short story collections, the character also became a popular fixture in big-screen films, radio shows, comic books and serialized newspaper adventures. By the early 1960s, he was ready to conquer television; The Saint debuted on October 4,1962. Roger Moore proved sublime as the debonair and mockingly larcenous Templar, and the show became a popular phenomenon that ultimately produced 118 episodes during a six-series run that finally concluded on March 9,1969.
The indefatigable Edwin Astley was along for the entire ride, as the series' sole composer. His title theme is constructed from a brief whistled "signature theme" that Charteris had devised and introduced in 1939's big-screen adventure, The Saint Strikes Back. Astley arranged this into a 25-second tune dominated by a 6-6-7 brass motif over slow percussion and throbbing guitar; it kicks off each episode as a sidebar character recognizes "the famous Simon Templar," prompting Moore to glance heavenward as a superimposed halo appears over his head. The melody repeats over the title credits, then climbs the scale for a final orchestral flourish.
Astley wrote numerous underscore cues designed specifically for early adventures, thereby building a music library that could be tracked into subsequent episodes with which he wasn't directly involved. Because The Saint was a filmed series—as opposed to "shot as live" on videotape, as was the case with initial seasons of The Avengers — Astley's music could play a much more prominent role in even the earliest episodes. Whimsical soprano reeds back Templar when he "breaks the fourth wall" to address the viewing audience; an astonishing number of title theme arrangements — in various tempos, instrumentations, moods and cultural shadings — also pop up in every episode. Several types of cues became ubiquitous. Staccato explosions of brass back fight scenes, particularly when The Saint beats a couple of baddies into submission; the weekly "damsel in distress" often is introduced with a mildly saucy sax cue; Simon's visits to various Western European or vaguely defined South American countries are flavored with cues that convey the appropriate cultural touch. Astley also supplied plenty of source cues for radios, phonographs and even live bands; they range from combo swing and orchestral dance music to — as the decade wore on — vibrant bits of jazz-inflected rock 'n' roll. …”
The Cincinnati Kid
“Although [Lalo] Schifrin's early big-screen scoring assignments remain fairly obscure, that isn't true of his debut team-up with star Steve McQueen. Director Norman Jewison's handling of The Cincinnati Kid is a masterful adaptation of Richard Jessup's 1963 novel, with each of its colorfully memorable characters cast to perfection. The Depression-era story, set in New Orleans, concerns a long-anticipated poker match between debonair veteran player Lancey Howard (Edward G. Robinson) and scruffy, self-assured upstart Eric "The Kid" Stoner (McQueen). All the locals favor The Kid, but a shady, old-money gambler—Rip Torn, as Slade—intends to guarantee such success by blackmailing the dealer—The Kid's best friend, Shooter (Karl Maiden)—into rendering occasional "assistance."
Schifrin had the misfortune to float into the deep end of conflicting opinions between Jewison and producer Martin Ransohoff. "The two of them had totally different concepts. ... I realized that I was swimming in dangerous waters. But my instinct for self-preservation kicked in and forced me to do something that I have never again done in my career: I wrote two scores, one for the producer and one for the director. Just in case, I composed six different versions for the ending.""
Schifrin's electrifying main theme debuts as McQueen dodges trains in a vast switching yard; harmonica maestro Tommy Morgan carries the melody against driving percussion, with horns giving the rhythm a vibrant assist.”
Bullitt
“A mere two weeks after Coogan's Bluff hit theaters, Schifrin's involvement with another cop thriller made a much stronger impact at the box office. Bullitt became the year's fifth-highest box-office hit: equal parts methodical police procedural and suspense-laden action flick, while granting star Steve McQueen several stunt-laden opportunities to demonstrate his athletic grace. The unfolding story focuses on a mob informant—who narrowly eludes assassins during the title credits—brought to San Francisco as a star witness groomed by condescending local politician Walter Chalmers (Robert Vaughn); he hopes to further his career at a Senate subcommittee hearing on organized crime.
Schifrin’s score is one of his best, starting with a killer main theme synchronized to Pablo Ferro's stylish title credits. Schifrin begins the cue gently, almost teasingly: a sustained note backstopped by brushed cymbals and drum kicks, until shrill horns erupt. The percussive elements settle into a swinging, midtempo 2/2 beat, as a guitar takes the melody, accompanied by horn fanfares. Saxes take over, and the percussion becomes more intense; the sax line yields to flutes and screaming trumpets ... by which point, viewers know that whatever comes next is gonna rock. Director Peter Yates paces the subsequent drama shrewdly, with lengthy exposition sequences interrupted by bursts of action or violence; he's also parsimonious with the music and doesn't use anywhere near all the cues Schifrin provided, making scenes with music that much more effective.
A terrific diegetic cue [sound whose source is visible on the screen] surfaces when Frank Bullitt (McQueen) and his girlfriend Cathy (Jacqueline Bisset) enjoy dinner at a restaurant; a sleek quartet dubbed Meridian West - Julie Iger (flute), Larry Vogt (guitar), Nat Johnson (bass) and Allan Pimental (drums) — performs a lengthy, fast-paced jazz waltz. A subsequent non-diegetic cue sets up the film's iconic car chase: Frank, spotting a tail, executes some fast maneuvers, and the pursuing bad guys become the pursued. Schifrin's taut, expectant 2/2 cue builds tension as the goons consider their options. Horns and saxes supply terse counterpoint as Yates holds ... holds ... holds ... holds even more ... and then the bad guys buckle their seat belts and accelerate. The chase is on ... and Schifrin goes silent. The chase roars along without music, which would have been superfluous.”
The these comments from Cheryl Pawelski Foreword with its word of warning in the closing sentences form a nice closing statement for this review:
“Delivered with appropriate winks and nods, the information presented is detailed, dense (in the best possible way) and scholarly. Derrick's enthusiasm is addictive, and he has delivered a very entertaining read. Action/crime jazz finally gets its due, and it certainly does pay! While we're certain to be richer in our knowledge of the genre, if you're like I am, you'll be much poorer after tracking down all the wonderful music just waiting to be discovered.
While I deeply appreciate the road map for my future viewing and listening ... the lighter wallet, maybe not so much. — Thanks a lot, Derrick.”
Please be sure and stay tuned for Crime and Spy Jazz on Screen Since 1971 which will be the subject of a future blog posting.
