Monday, October 14, 2013

Don Fagerquist: A Skillful, Sparkling and Sophisticated Jazz Trumpeter [From the Archives]

A friend recently contacted me about Don Fagerquist to ask for copyright permission to use the video that closes this piece in another context.

Have you ever heard a more beautiful sound on Jazz trumpet than Donnie's?

We wanted to remember him once again on these pages, and we thought that a re-posting of this earlier piece would serve that purpose, especially for those who are not familiar with Fagerquist's playing.

© -  Steven A. Cerra, copyright protected; all rights reserved.


One of the musicians on the Left Coast who always knocked me out was trumpeter Don Fagerquist.

He had one of the most beautiful sounds that I ever heard on trumpet; plus, he was one heckuva swinger, which always caught me by surprise. Here’s this lyrical, pretty tone, and the next thing you know the guy is poppin’ one terrific Jazz phrase after another.

The trumpet seemed to find him. His was one of the purest tones you will ever hear on the horn. In Don Fagerquist, the instrument found one of its clearest forms of expression.

Don never seemed to get outside of himself. He found big bands and combos to work in that both complimented and complemented the way he approached playing the trumpet.

His tone was what musicians referred to as “legit” [short for legitimate = the sound of an instrument often associated with its form in Classical music].


No squeezing notes through the horn, no half-valve fingering and no tricks or shortcuts. Even his erect posture in playing the instrument was textbook.

If you had a child who wished to play trumpet, Don would have been the perfect teacher for all facets of playing the instrument.

He was clear, he was clean and he was cool.

His sound had a presence to it that just snapped your head around when you heard it; it made you pay attention to it.

No shuckin’ or jiving’, just the majesty of the trumpeter’s clarion call . When the Angel Gabriel picked trumpet as his axe [Jazz talk for instrument], he must have had Don’s tone in mind.


A few years ago, Jordi Pujol, owner and operator of Fresh Sound Records which is based in Spain,  put out a very nice compilation of the Don’s recordings entitled Don Fagerquist: Portrait of a Jazz Artist [FSR 2212].

He included this brief annotation of Don and his career on the CD’s tray plate:

“Don Fagerquist [1927-1974] might have been one of the most underrated Jazz trumpets in history despite countless recordings with Gene Krupa, Artie Shaw, Woody Herman, Les Brown and Dave Pell.

Although he was a Hollywood studio musician since 1956, over the years Don maintained his contact with the Jazz scene, as the tracks on this CD will show.

He had a unique sound and a way of phrasing that immediately identified him, allowing us at once to appreciate his playing. This CD is more than a collection of mood music and Jazz tunes; it is a delightful warm and descriptive musical portrait of a great Jazz artist.”

We have selected The Girl Next Door track from the Fresh Sound anthology for the following video tribute to Don.

Russ Garcia did the arrangement which has Don stating the melody as a ballad [0:00 – 1:07 minutes], then doubling the time [1:08 – 2:30 minutes] to allow Don to show off his Jazz chops before restating the theme as a ballad [2:31 minutes]. You might want to especially listen for the very clever ending in which Don plays a remarkably hip cadenza [3:16 minutes].

Jazz has had many great trumpet stylists over its almost 100 year history, but I don’t think that anyone has even played the horn prettier than Don Fagerquist.

Sunday, October 13, 2013

JAZZHAUS – The Modern Jazz Quartet, Germany 1956-1958: The Lost Tapes

© -Steven Cerra, copyright protected; all rights reserved


"This is the stuff collectors dream of. The numbers induce salivating: a literal trove of never-before-released live jazz recordings dating back to 1947, some 3.000 hours of music. In all, there are 1,600 well-preserved, German-made audio recordings and 350 TV broadcasts by more than 400 artists and groups... That's three down, 1,597 to go. Bring 'em on!"
- Jeff Tamarkin, JazzTimes

The editorial staff at JazzProfiles has written extensively about the previous JAZZHAUS releases in the United States. You’ll find a reprint of our March, 2013 background piece about the series below this posting about its latest release – The Modern Jazz Quartet in Germany, 1956-1958: The Lost Tapes [101 731].

The CD is comprised of studio recordings made in Stuttgart and Baden-Baden, 1956/1958 and live recording from Jahnhalle Pforzheim, 1957

The Modern Jazz Quartet: John Lewis (p) / Milt Jackson (vib) / Percy Heath (b)/ Connie Kay (dr)/ with Orchester Kurt Edelhagen joining them on Bluesology and Django and Harald Banter Ensemble featured on Midsommer.

Here is the complete track order:
01. Ralph's New Blues
02. God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen
03. Willow Weep For Me
04. I’ll Remember April
05. Midsommer
06. Bluesology
07. Django
08. Sun Dance
09. Cortege
10. You Go To My Head
11. I Can't Get Started
12. Tenderly
13. J.B. Blues

Karl Lippegaus prepared the following sleeve notes under the rubric “Change Your Attitude.”

Who would have thought this quartet would confound revolutions in fashion and survive for 40 years? And how many are aware that its popular breakthrough came in Europe in 1957? The conquest of the general public by these four gentlemen was more an act of seduction. The rhythm section of the Dizzy Gillespie Band formed the basis of the Modern Jazz Quartet (MJQ) in 1952. At the time of these recordings, John Lewis was still in the process of developing the unique concept of MJQ as a jazz chamber group and to use a wide variety of sources to create a style of jazz free of cliche. "Change your attitude" was the MJQ motto. Jazz to them was more than mere chance music, loose jamming and a lot of swing: it required new and innovative approaches. Change was also tangible in terms of the group's physical appearance - the four musicians wore tuxedos - and in the way they filed onto the stage. Everything was choreographed and exuded dignity.

The fact that Lewis, the man of ideas, was every inch an equal to his partner Jackson, the great improviser, is clearly audible in "Ralph's New Blues" (written by Jackson for the critic Ralph J. Gleason in 1955), where he leads in and out of his own solo with great formal sophistication. During a studio break following TV recordings, Joachim-Ernst Berendt, the dedicatee of "J.B. Blues", asked vibes player Milt Jackson to record a piece for the first time without rhythm section, mentioning the famous unaccompanied solo of Coleman Hawkins, "Picasso". And that is how the version of "Tenderly" came about. Each track exemplifies how John Lewis, to quote Andre Francis, turned four musicians into "a sensitive instrument which vibrates in the same universe of sound, achieving a communion unique in the world of jazz."


JazzHaus will continue to bring forth audio and video discs featuring “an indefinite number of audio and video jazz programs taken from live radio and television recordings from the archives of Sudwestrundfunk Stuttgart, Baden-Baden and Mainz in southwest Germany.

Jazz broadcasts by Sudwestrundfunk (SWR) started in the summer of 1947 with young impresarios Joachim-Ernst Berendt and Dieter Zimmerle. Today, almost 65 years later, the archives contain about 1,600 audio and more than 350 television recordings of all major modern jazz artists - probably the biggest collection of unpublished live jazz recordings in the world: 3,000 hours - and almost all of it has never been released before. More than 400 ensembles and soloists are listed - many of them recorded three, four, five or more times over the decades.

For the last three years, the JAZZHAUS team has been thoroughly researching the vaults, carefully making the final selections. The old tapes are currently being re-mastered to high-end technology standards and will be released on CD, DVD, vinyl, and as audio /video-on-demand downloads.”

Here’s some additional background information about the project.

Post-War Europe - Germany in particular - gave American jazz artists a warm reception. Following the nightmare of Nazism, Deutschland was a devastated country and culturally in ruins. The people warmly welcomed U.S. soldiers who brought jazz to the nightclubs of their cities and later the big bands and ensembles to the major venues of their towns.

Many of the performers felt accepted and that their art was understood for the first time in their lives. Needless to say, these circumstances may have helped to improve the quality of their playing. Many of them remained in Europe, finding new homes in Paris, Copenhagen, Frankfurt, Stuttgart and Baden-Baden.

People flocked to the concert halls in Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Stuttgart, Mainz, Ludwigshafen and Sindelfingen.

It took the expertise of young Stunde Null jazz editors at the radio stations not only to invite top artists and ensembles but also to ensure excellent audio and (later) video results from the public performances. The superb acoustics of the newly built Liederhalle-Stuttgart turned many performances into an unforgettable experience.

In the vaults, we find exuberant music treasures (to name just a few): a jam session with Duke Ellington, Lester Young and The Modern Jazz Quartet (1954), a riveting recording of Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers made shortly after their first Blue Note recording (1958); a Quincy Jones big band television recording (1960).

All major big bands traveled extensively through Germany's southwest and set the standard for the radio big bands from Stuttgart and Baden-Baden. Stunning audio recordings feature Dave Brubeck, Gerry Mulligan, The Modern Jazz Quartet, Zoot Sims, Ben Webster, Joe Henderson, Cannonball Adderley, Roland Kirk, Max Roach, Archie Shepp, Don Cherry, Charlie Haden, Thelonious Monk, and Eric Dolphy.

Also documented are upcoming European performers like Hans Koller, Albert Mangelsdorff, Klaus Doldinger, Joe Zawinul, Joachim Kiihn, and Attila Zoller. Mainz also holds superb hitherto unknown Volker Kriegel recordings from 1963. From France we hear Kenny Clarke, Martial Solal, Andre Hodeir, Barney Wilen, Rene Urtreger, and Pierre Michelot.

All the most influential performers of free jazz and the so-called Third Stream are extensively recorded. We are gripped by the voices of Nina Simone, Carmen McRae, Ella Fitzgerald, Abbey Lincoln, or Cassandra Wilson. Blues artists are featured, with all the leading performers from B.B. King to Olu Dara. We experience the breakthrough of John Mclaughlin, Chick Corea, Gary Burton, Eberhard Weber, Jan Garbarek, Pat Metheny, and Bobby McFerrin and crossover artists like Jack Bruce and Ginger Baker.”

Each of the “Legends Live” JazzHaus CD is formatted in a six-pack: a tri-fold paper sleeve with cover art, tray plate information and a photo of the artist on the outside and insert notes in English and German plus the disc itself on the inside.

The sound quality of these recordings has to be experienced to be believed.  The re-mastering has complemented the original acoustics in which the performances were made to the point that the music almost jumps out at you.

And the artists respond to the obvious adoration that these German audiences put on display by bringing forth a series of first-rate performances.  There is nothing like the experience of “live” Jazz and these JazzHaus CDs go a long way toward underscoring this fact.

The late Jazz writer and essayist Mike Zwerin once said that after the Second World War, Jazz went to Europe to keep from dying.

If the music on these JazzHaus CDs is any example, Mike’s argument is well-substantiated as they leave little doubt that Jazz was alive and well in Germany from 1959 – 1977.

The following video montage is accompanied by the MJQ’s performance of Bluesology from The Modern Jazz Quartet in Germany, 1956-1958: The Lost Tapes [101 731] with accompaniment provided by Orchester Kurt Edelhagen.



Tuesday, October 8, 2013

A Tierney Trilogy

 © -Steven Cerra, copyright protected; all rights reserved.


“Sutton doesn’t grandstand. She climbs inside a melody and explores new territory. The pleasure of hearing standards involves the internal dialogue that occurs in the listener’s mind, where a previously known arrangement often is mingling with the new rendition.”
- Bobby Reed, Downbeat

“Tierney Sutton is among a group of artists who may have come to epitomize what many think of as true jazz singers during the previous decades because of their brilliance in interpreting the classics.”
- John Murphy, Downbeat

“In our cruel, crass world where the word ‘artist’ is used to describe even the most imbecilic pseudo-musician, Tierney Sutton is the real thing.

Stunning in appearance, with silky, waist length blonde hair framing a model’s high cheek boned face, Tierney has a voice that can range from a smoldering intimacy in such ballads as ‘In The Wee Small Hours of the Morning’ to a cool, hip light-heartedness in tunes like ‘If I Were A Bell.’

Her superb musicianship guarantees that every note will be on target – what a relief from all the tone-dead screamers who pollute our ears these days.

Tierney respects a lyric in a manner to melt the heart of any songwriter.
And lucky is he or she whose songs this beautiful lady chooses to sing.”
- Tupp Turner, Former Executive, Capitol/Angel Records

I have been a fan of vocalist Tierney Sutton dating back to a period in her career when she and what is now referred to as “The Tierney Sutton Band” were just putting things together.

A few years earlier, I had first chanced to hear her sing with trumpeter Buddy Childers Big Band and she utterly knocked me out.

“Tierney Sutton” became a name to remember.

The esteemed writer Ray Bradbury once said: “You make yourself as you go” and that’s exactly what Tierney has done over the past dozen years or so.

She has made herself into one of the premier vocalists in Jazz and now plays some of the biggest rooms and concerts halls in the country with “the guys in the band” as she lovingly and admiringly refers to pianist Christian Jacobs, bassists Trey Henry and/or Kevin Axt and drummer Ray Brinker [aka “The Tierney Sutton Band”].

Fortunately for me, when Tierney was still in the early stages of her career, she occasionally worked at a local club in Orange County, CA not too far from my home. The fact that a close friend’s wife worked for the owner of that club practically guaranteed me a ringside seat from which to watch her progress during those fledgling years.

She chose her songs carefully, worked with her trio to craft them into interesting arrangements and also gave Christian, Trey and Ray lots of solo space as well. And she listened to them when they played their solos and dug them, too.

Tierney knew what she was listening to and her appreciation of good musicianship was one of the ways in which she turned herself into a sparkling and refreshing Jazz singer. She became a professional musician, herself, in every sense of the word, and set the bar very high for the standards she expected to meet during every performance.

She may have been relatively new at pacing a set in a Jazz club, but she knew what she was doing, but more importantly, she knew what she wanted to do.

I worked with Anita O’Day at Ye Little Club in Beverly Hills when the regular drummer in her trio took ill. For two weeks, I had the perfect vantage point to observe one of the great Jazz vocalists of all time “work a room.”

Night-after-night, Anita sequenced one set after another of perfectly paced and rendered tunes that completely shaped the mood of the audience. She quipped with the musicians, told the audience little stories, made passing references to other Jazz musician’s versions of what she was singing. Anita never made you feel apart from the point of the whole thing which was to enjoy the music, have a good time and be entertained.

That’s what Tierney did, too, in these early gigs in which she was “making herself” into a major song stylist.

She made the audience feel that they were in the presence of something special and then she made sure it was – something special.

Tierney crafted her performance by giving a great deal of thought to the overall aesthetic in which the music was portrayed. She creates a Jazz aura and draws the audience into it. You don’t just listen to Tierney’s music, you live it.

Tierney likes to work thematically and she bases her recorded CD’s around a central musical idea, for example: Unsung Heroes which is an homage to her instrumental influences; those not usually associated with singers [i.e., Joe Henderson, Clifford Brown, Wayne Shorter]; Blue in Green is a tribute to the music of pianist Bill Evans; Dancing in the Dark is made up of songs “inspired by the music of Frank Sinatra.”


As Dr. Herb Wong comments in his insert notes to Unsung Heroes [Telarc CD-83477]:

“The number of the great jazz divas is fading rapidly. There is a forceful message that motivation has cranked up dramatically for women jazz singers to pursue a coveted spotlight. The growing crowd of aspirants and voluminous flow of new vocal recordings are meaningful indices. Amidst this high density of vocal talent, a few have surfaced as top-of-the-cream standouts. That Tierney Sutton is among them, and is an extraordinary vocalist-musician, is manifest here.

Her incisive musicianly attributes are noticed promptly as they merge impressively with the fine musicians assembled for this CD. Tierney is a soprano but her voice descends into the alto range too. Then there's her very personal sound and style. Add her melodic imagination, amazing true intonation, lyricism and attractive choice of notes in shaping her solos—you wind up with an aptly successful balancing act of unfailing brilliant surprises and piquant expectations. …”


Bob Blumenthal, two-time Grammy award winner for Best Insert Notes, made these observations about Tierney’s retrospective of the music of Bill Evans in Blue in Green [Telarc CD-83522].

“The word has been out since the release of Unsung Heroes: Tierney Sutton is one great jazz singer-or, more accurately, one great jazz musician. Her intonation and rhythmic skills are superb; she can improvise, with and without lyrics, in a manner both inspired and intelligent; she selects great material and immerses herself in both its verbal and musical meanings, always staying within an ensemble concept; and she is not afraid to take risks. All bases are covered when Sutton sings, from technical dazzle to unadorned emotion.

Sutton has achieved her status through a clear-headed desire to learn and grow. It has led her to make choices others might not consider, like her move to California after more than a decade during which she launched her career in the Boston area. She explains, ‘I got to the point where I didn't get enough work. It was either New York or LA. For several years I spent a lot of my there time checking out the New York scene, and I just couldn't get a chance to sing. If you can't work, and no one hears you, it's hard to grow.’

‘I had met some people from LA who became my friends, and one of them invited me there when he was putting together a vocal group. That was a nice experience, but even better was hearing Jack Sheldon's Big Band. They sounded great and Ray [Brinker], Trey [Henry], and Christian [Jacob] were the rhythm section.’

The rest is history still in the making. Sheldon asked Sutton to sit in, people heard what she could do, work started coming her way. Jacob, Henry, and Brinker landed them­selves a new gig, as part of the Tierney Sutton Quartet.

Sutton agrees that her ensemble is far more than a singer-plus-trio. ‘That's what we have that you rarely hear, she explains. ‘There are some lovely singers, but I don't know many as linked up with their bands as I am. Sustained intensity is what we do best.’”

My favorite tune on Unsung Heroes is Recordame [Remember Me] by tenor saxophonist Joe Henderson. The following video features Tierney’s version of it with lyrics written by Kelley Johnson. The arrangement was prepared by bassist Trey Henry.


What brought on this look back at the career of Tierney Sutton was the arrival at the editorial office of JazzProfiles of two, recent CD’s by Tierney on the BFM label: The Tierney Sutton Band: American Road [BFM 302062408-2] and Tierney Sutton: After Blue [302062419-2].

I thought it would be fun to combine a retrospective about Tierney’s earlier recordings with some thoughts about her two more recent efforts, hence the title of this piece – “A Tierney [Sutton] Trilogy.”

This tripartite approach would also be well-served by three different videos which you will find placed throughout this feature so that you can sample the distinctiveness of Tierney’s song-styling from each of these perspectives.


On September 11, 2011 C. Michael Bailey writing in allaboutjazz.com had these thoughts and comments about The Tierney Sutton Band: American Road [BFM 302062408-2].

“Solidly innovative and a forward-thinker in jazz vocals arena over the past 15 years, Tierney Sutton has constantly looked backwards while forging a future path that has influenced the likes of Laurie Antonioli and Gretchen Parlato, among many other noted contemporary jazz vocalists. A master of vocal pyrotechnics like Sarah Vaughan, Sutton sings on a high-wire, taking stylistic chances that, more often than not, pay off handsomely. Sutton and her band have been perfecting their unique updating of the great American songbook on such well-received recordings as Desire (Telarc, 2009), On The Other Side (Telarc, 2007) and I'm With The Band (Telarc, 2005). And she provides a tour-de-force in American Road.

An important part of the band's unique sound derives from divining the organic earthiness from the standards it selects to perform. Where Cassandra Wilson spent the better part of the 1990s stripping down standards and redressing them with more rustic instrumentation such as acoustic slide guitars, mandolins, violins and other artifacts of rural blues, effecting a more seminal, fecund sound, Sutton accomplishes the same with carefully conceived arrangements, created by the entire band as opposed to a single person. Additionally, she does this with her traditional jazz piano trio of 18 years. These arrangements are spare and wide open. Often jarring and dissonant, the clever settings reveal the pieces as dramatically different from traditional performances, revealing their anxious and unsettling elements.

American Road follows a year after Laurie Antonioli's America-focused recording, American Dreams (Intrinsic, 2010). Antonioli's organic approach lies between that of Cassandra Wilson's and Sutton's, focusing on using more rustic instrumentation with more original compositions and some truly inspired takes on musical Americana. Antonioli and Sutton intersect with inspired covers of "America The Beautiful," both spare and light, giving the singers plenty of time and room to display their considerable individual vocal wares. There is no edge here, both interpretations equally bring home the American goods.

Sutton's choice of repertoire mines deep the American song, drawing from traditional folk sources, spirituals, show tunes and popular music. The disc opens with the Public Domain "Wayfaring Stranger" and "Oh Shenandoah/The Water Is Wide." As on previous recordings, drummer Ray Brinker plays an important role both using novel percussive approaches and keeping time as if by telepathy. The drums become an extension of pianist
Christian Jacobs' equally percussive and ornate playing. "Wayfaring Stranger" is performed as if in a home parlor (albeit a "green" one) on a Sunday afternoon, after church and lunch.

"Oh Shenandoah/The Water Is Wide" begins with nine muffled microphone strikes buoyed by bassists Kevin Axt and Trey Henry strumming chords, achieving an unsettled environment over which Sutton jazz-vocalizes the lilting melody of "Oh Shenandoah." This segues into Jacobs' clean as spring comping and solo on "The Water Is Wide." Sutton sings the "Oh Shenandoah" melody behind Jacobs' solo, solidifying the continuity of the song pairing. The effect is fresh and vibrant, like the first color Polaroid of Summer.

Sutton and company strip all of the glamour from Lieber and Stoller's "On Broadway," leaving a nervous and excited performance where the arrangement leads the way. Bassists Axt and Henry shine, producing poly-rhythms with Jacob and Brinker. Sutton sings at her most sinewy and muscular here. To be sure, this is not your parent's George Benson version. This is a juggernaut. The group turns out a graceful and flowing "Amazing Grace," with Jacob providing an orchestral backdrop supported by Brinker's pistol-shot snare and shimmering cymbals. 


The disc programming establishes two mini-recitals of American monoliths: the Gershwin brothers and Stephen Sondheim/Leonard Bernstein. The Gershwin selections exist as a musical triptych of "It Ain't Necessarily So," "Summertime" and "My Man's Gone Now." "It Ain't Necessarily So" is bold, jarring, dangerous with hard and assertive playing by Jacob and corrosively sardonic deliver by Sutton. The rhythm and time is jack-hammer tight, ensuring a version of this chestnut not likely to be topped. This is likewise true for "My Man's Gone Now," where another hard rhythmic figure dominates the song even in its quieter moments. These songs are no longer the quaint ballads of cabaret singers. Sutton and her band transform them militantly into feral expressions of more base instincts. Gone is nicety and politeness: enter naked realism that is both seductive and refreshing.

Between these two songs is the old standby, "Summertime." Musical treatment here is gentler but no less provocative than Sutton's approach with the other Gershwin offerings. Bass and drums set up a three-note figure transfigured through the harmonic prism of the song. Jacob adds light filigree while Sutton sings with authority and melodic refinement. Jacobs' solo is a study of the skeleton of the piece, distilled to some bare essence. These very familiar tunes have been turned on their head to show a different angle. Sutton digs deep, revealing the novel and unseen in these compositions: dramatic and horizon expanding.

After the Gershwins, Sutton turns her attention to Sondheim/Bernstein and West Side Story(1961). "Somewhere" and "Something's Coming/Cool" are given more traditionally dramatic arrangements, with an emphases on the dramatic. "Somewhere" is some of the best ballad singing of Sutton's career. The band's arrangement is straightforward and Sutton perfectly balanced and placed. The coupling of "Something's Coming/Cool" returns to the edge of the experimental, where boundaries and perimeters are extended. Over a brooding, ascending piano/bass figure Sutton injects impressive drama, accentuated by the clever arrangement. The transition between the songs is seamless and inventive, again give the arrangement. Not since Gil Evans worked his magic for the first Miles Davis quintet has arranging had such a potent and important effect in small-combo jazz. This is top-notch, full-throttle, jazz vocals.

Tracks: Wayfaring Stranger; Oh Shenandoah/The Water is Wide; On Broadway; Amazing Grace; It Ain't Necessarily So; Summertime; My Man's Gone Now; Tenderly; The Eagle and Me; Somewhere; Something's Coming/Cool; America the Beautiful.

Personnel: Tierney Sutton: vocals;
Christian Jacob: piano; Kevin Axt: electric and acoustic bass; Trey Henry: electric and acoustic bass; Ray Brinker: drums.”

The video features Tierney’s singular version of Summertime. The arrangement is a collective endeavor by TSB.


Tierney’s most recent recording is entitled After Blue [BFM 302062419-2] and it is another thematic tour-de-force, in no small measure due to the care and consideration with which Tierney treat all of its music and the respect and admiration she has for the musicians with whom she is working.


She wrote these insert notes explaining how and why she chose Joni’s music as the idea for her latest venture.

THE JONI MITCHELL PROJECT

Shortly after Y2K fizzled into nothing, a friend said to me in hushed tones, "Have you heard it yet?" "It" was Joni Mitchell's 2000 tour-de-force album, Both Sides Now with orchestral arrangements by Vince Mendoza. It is composed of mostly standards and it is the vocal album that I have listened to more than any other in the years since its release. I consider it to be alongside Sinatra's Wee Small Hours and Billie Holliday's Lady in Satin. For the twenty years before, all my closest friends, my producer and my manager, had been telling me I needed to listen to Joni Mitchell. As a singer focused on The Great American Songbook, I'd finally found my doorway into Joni-land.

From there I began to spend time with Mitchell's earlier work including Court and Spark, Mingus, Hejira, For The Roses and of course, her early masterwork, Blue. I knew that Mitchell's music was not something I could glance at and then perform. I had to live with it for years. Like her fans who had absorbed the music in their youth, I wanted to "marinate" in Joni Mitchell. And over the past ten years that's what I've done. From time to time I'd perform something, Big Yellow Taxi which I'd known for years or A Case of You which was requested for a private event. I didn't feel ready to address Mitchell's compositions with integrity, so I let the matter rest, but I was listening to Joni's albums more than those of any other artist during these years.
In 2011, I was approached about a collaboration with The Turtle Island Quartet. When cellist Mark Summer asked "What do you think about doing some Joni Mitchell?" my answer was, "Yes." We played through All I Want and Little Green and I knew that I was finally ready to start. Joni Mitchell's music, at least some of it, was inside me.

The Turtles and I debuted the project at the Lobero Theatre in Santa Barbara in September of 2012. By luck, Elaine Martone, the producer of eight of my previous albums, who had been one of the loudest voices asking me to record Mitchell's work, was at the show with my good friend Steve Cloud who manages Keith Jarrett. After hearing the four Mitchell compositions in the program, Elaine and Steve basically cornered me and said, "You have to do this," and I agreed. It was finally time.

Meanwhile, my longtime bandmates Christian Jacob and Ray Brinker were committed to their own projects and family obligations so I knew I was meant to look elsewhere for collaborators this time around. Shortly after I conceived of the project, Peter Erskine, who had become a good friend, told me he'd like to play on the CD. He also suggested Larry Goldings on [Hammond] B3 [Organ]. As the drummer on both Mingus AND Both Sides Now, I knew Peter was ... the perfect choice. As for Larry, I was an even bigger fan of his acoustic piano playing than I was of his famed B3 work, and I knew after one afternoon of playing together that he was right for this project too.

At the same time the Joni project was emerging, TSB [Tierney Sutton Band] bassist Kevin Axt and I recorded an intimate standards project with Paris-based guitarist, Serge Merlaud. I knew from the start that I wanted to include one or two standards on the Joni project - songs I had learned from Joni's exquisite renditions on Both Sides Now. I chose Don't Go To Strangers and my favorite, Answer Me, My Love. Something felt right about this instrumentation - classic Jazz, no frills. For me, these songs are every bit as much "Joni Mitchell" as her own compositions.

The last piece, and one that only came together at Sam the night before the session, was to join one of Joni's compositions with a standard. I knew that Joni had been influenced greatly by Jazz standards and as a Jazz singer, I wanted to show that there isn't a separation between the genres. Great music is great music. Larry and I had discussed this idea and he suggested that if there was some uniting concept, then it would make sense to a have a standard with a Joni tune even if Joni had never recorded the standard. "How about Paris?" he suggested. A leadsheet for April In Paris sat quite literally next to my Joni Mitchell songbook. It wasn't until waking with insomnia the night before the session that I sat down and figured out how the two songs went together and how the lyrics told a single story.

After Blue means many things to me. It comes after my thirty years of concentrating on the Blue In Green tones of Miles and Bill Evans and Coltrane and Sinatra. After spending time with the many hues of Joni's own repertoire, I hope this record represents a coming together of those hues - those colors of music. Thank you Joni Mitchell for your inspiration, your excellence. All I can hope for here is to scratch the surface of your deep legacy - to paint a little multi-colored portrait inspired by you.”

I just had to go with Tierney’s duet with Al Jarreau on Be Cool as the sound track for the following video tribute to Tierney and After Blue.


Over the past dozen years or so, no body of work in the Jazz world is more interpretively excellent than the vocal stylings of Tierney Sutton.

If you are not familiar with it, perhaps this retrospective may help serve as a guide.

Ella, Sassy, Billie, Bessie, Anita, Jackie Cain, Irene Krall, Blossom, Carmen and a whole host of other Jazz Divas gotta be smiling because of Tierney’s appearance on the scene.

The traditions of vocal Jazz are in good hands.

Order information is available at www.bfmjazz.com or the usual online retailers.



Monday, October 7, 2013

Randy Weston: Hi-Fly, Little Niles and Africa [From The Archives]

The editorial staff at JazzProfiles is working on a large feature on vocalist Tierney Sutton that it plans to post tomorrow, October 8, 2013. In the meantime, we thought you might enjoy a visit with one of our favorite Jazz pianists.
© -Steven Cerra, copyright protected; all rights reserved.


More observant listeners are impressed with Randy’s strong, virile attack, his steady beat and his melodic imagination; both in improvising and composing he seemed to show the influence of Thelonious Monk.
- Leonard Feather, Jazz author and critic

“I expect that in the decade and more ahead, Randy will become as recognized for his compositions as for his playing.”
- Nat Hentoff, Jazz author and critic, writing in 1957

Weston's '50s recordings for Riverside (expertly supported by Cecil Payne), Dawn, Jubilee, Metro, and United Artists are among the most charmingly anomalous in the postbop era. His penchant for triple time, pentatonic melodies, and a shrewdly rhythmic piano attack, heavy on bass, was established before he went to Africa and developed further during the course of two tours of Lagos, Nigeria, in 1961 and 1963, and a 1966 state department visit to fourteen African countries. By 1969, he had settled in Morocco, living in Rabat and Tangier, where he operated the African Rhythms Club.
- Gary Giddins, Jazz author and critic

“You can have it. It’s not music that’s going to get any air time on my show.”

The speaker was a family friend who hosted a very successful AM radio program that primarily featured the music of popular singers like Frank Sinatra, Johnny Mathis, Vic Damone, Rosemary Clooney or Patti Page; singers who sang the commercial hits of the day as arranged by Nelson Riddle, Billy May, Henry Mancini and a whole host of other, orchestrators.

Given the sterling reputation of his radio show, many distributors sent him sample copies of long-playing records, today known as “vinyl,” many of which contained music that was superfluous to his program.

His offer of a gift had to do with an LP that I was holding in my hands with music by the Randy Weston Trio and the Lem Winchester Quartet that was recorded one afternoon [July 5th] during the 1958 Newport Jazz Festival.


Entitled New Faces at Newport,  the album was on the obscure Metro Jazz label [E1005].

I had no idea who [pianist] Weston or [vibraphonist] Winchester were, but hey, free is free, especially at a time in my life when popping $5 bucks for a Jazz record was still a lot of money.

I was familiar with the rhythm section of Ray Santisi on piano, John Neves on bass and Jimmy Zitano who accompanied Winchester from a Herb Pomeroy’s Boston-based big band LP that I had in my “collection” so I first played Lem’s side of the LP leaving the tracks by Weston for a later listen.

The time allotted to the four tracks by Randy on this album is largely taken up by a long drum solo by G.T. Hogan on an “excerpt” from Weston’s Bantu Suite. I didn’t find the remainder of that suite until many years later, but the title was a portent of things to come as Randy was to become a major exponent and interpreter of African music for much of his later career.

When I did get around to a close listening of the other tracks by Randy Weston on that Metro Jazz LP, what struck me – to the point of fascination – was Randy’s original composition Hi-Fly. Melodically, it is little more than a ditty based on a repetition of fifths, but I found myself whistling or humming it for days.

I was also taken by Weston’s minimalist approach to piano playing. He seemed to frame the tune with thoughtful improvisations much like Jimmy Rowles or Duke Jordan or John Lewis, but his style was somehow very distinctive.

As Dick Katz describes it in his essay on Jazz pianists from the 1940’s and 1950’s in Bill Kirchner, ed., The Oxford Companion to Jazz:

“Like Thelonious Monk’s, Randy Weston’s piano style defies outright imitation. He takes elements of Monk, Ellington, and a little Bud Powell, and ingeniously melds them with aspects of his own intense interest in African cultures, particularly those of Morocco, Tangier and Nigeria. His compositions, like Monk’s, are intrinsically bound to his playing style. In addition to many waltzes, his Little Niles, Hi-Fly and African Cookbook are justly well-known.”


Dick’s comments about Randy and waltzes were a prelude to my next encounter with Weston’s music. At a time when unusual or “odd” time signatures began to have an wider impact on Jazz, one of the first Jazz waltzes I ever played on was Weston’s Little Niles.

And here again, I couldn’t seem to get the jaunty snippet of a melody that forms the theme to Little Niles out of my mind for weeks.

The Metro Jazz LP helped me to familiarize with some of Randy Weston’s music, but I never knew much about him in general nor about the body of work he produced largely due to the influence of African music [as noted in the comments Dick Katz’s comments].

Two, recent acquisitions helped remedy this deficiency. The first was being “gifted” a copy of Len Lyons’ masterful The Great Jazz Pianists: Speaking of Their Lives and Music [New York: DaCapo, 1989].

The following forms the introduction to a lengthy interview that Len conducted with Randy:

© -Len Lyons/DaCapo, copyright protected; all rights reserved.


“Randy Weston is an imposing, almost regal figure.

Large-limbed and graceful, he stands six feet seven inches tall. Wearing a dashiki and a colorful skullcap, he greeted me in his motel room overlooking San Francisco's Fisherman's Wharf. During much of our interview he method­ically rubbed body oils into his hands, feet, and neck. Weston seems to glow with pride when he speaks of Africa, where he lived from 1967 to 1973 and operated a cultural exchange center for musicians called the African Rhythms Club.

More than any other jazz pianist, Weston incorporates African elements into his playing in an obvious way. He shifts meters frequently-between 4/4, 3/4, and less common metric patterns. He also uses the bass register of the piano as a kind of tonal drum. During a trio set the night before (with James Lean/, bass, and Ken Marshall, drums) Weston demonstrated an uncanny ability to establish driving, hypnotic rhythms by using only one or two chords-sometimes only one or two notes-per measure. He has perfected what Bill Evans called the rhythmic displacement of ideas. There were times he made the whole room sway to his personal beat.

Weston's exposure to African culture and its derivative music began in childhood. His father, born in Panama, was of Jamaican descent and operated a restaurant in Brooklyn, serving West Indian cuisine. Realizing that Randy would not learn African history at school, his father educated him in his heritage at home. The restaurant was frequented by jazz musicians, who ex­posed Randy to the music of New York during the rise of modern jazz. He remembers listening to Bud Powell, Duke Jordan, Art Tatum, Willie "the Lion" Smith, and Erroll Garner. His most important influence, evident from the degree of space, or silence, he leaves in his music, was Thelonious Monk.

Weston began his career at the unusually advanced age of twenty-three, and his first job was accompanying the blues singer Bull Moose Jackson. He then worked with saxophonist Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson, trumpeter Kenny Dorham, and drummer Art Blakey. In the late fifties Weston met historian Marshall Stearns and toured with him on a lecture circuit, giving demonstra­tions of jazz piano styles. Weston became well known as a composer, especially of jazz waltzes like "Little Niles" and "Hi-Fly," which have become classics in the jazz repertoire. In I960 Weston composed "Uhuru Africa" for a big band and vocalist, with text provided by poet Langston Hughes. In 1967, following a State Department-sponsored tour of fourteen African countries, Weston moved to TangierMorocco, where he established the African Rhythms Club. In 1973 he moved to Paris. Since then he has done most of his playing in Europe and Africa.

Weston is very disturbed by the picture of Africa presented in America. "All we hear about are the problems of Africa," he said, "like wars, famines, and racial problems. That's what makes the news. But there are tremendous musical and cultural experiences there." His own African experience, he ex­plained, made him aware of spirituality, nature, and the historical role of the musician in African culture. "He was a communicator, whose task it was to spread knowledge of the traditions of the people. He was a healer, too; scien­tists in the West are just beginning to look into music as therapy. There is music for weddings, funerals, and virtually every aspect of life. In Africa today the musician is still an integral part of all community life."

Weston sees jazz piano as part of the black man's Africanization of Euro­pean instruments. "I would like to have been there when our people first came into contact with these instruments," he said. "Can you imagine the excite­ment, the freshness of the first encounter? To me, what Louis Armstrong did was fantastically modern, really avant-garde." My line of questioning began with the origins of jazz.”


The other source of my enlightenment about things Weston resulted from my acquisition of the limited edition 3-CD Mosaic Select Randy Weston boxed set.

A summation of Randy’s significance in Jazz and the contents of the boxed set is contained in these remarks by its producer, Michael Cuscuna.

“During the past 50 years, Randy Weston has created an outstanding and forward-thinking body of work as a composer, pianist and band leader. But before his association with French Verve, which began in 1989, his discography was scattered over dozens of American and small European labels and albums disappeared as quickly as others were released.

The six albums in this collection have all collided under EMI's ownership and represent some of his most important early sessions. Piano-a-la-Mode, made for Jubilee, is one of his best early piano trio albums. Little Niles was his first for a major label and focused on his considerable skills as composer. Live at the Five Spot featured an extraordinary guest in the person of [legendary tenor saxophonist] Coleman Hawkins. A first album for Roulette with Cecil Payne, Ron Carter and Roy Haynes has never been issued before. Uhuru Afrika and Highlife were among the first informed fusions of jazz and African music, made at a volatile time when newly independent nations were emerging in Africa on a regular basis.


Sadly, Randy's African-influenced work did not catch the cultural wave at the time. Abbey Lincoln recorded African Lady and Horace Parlan picked up on Kucheza Blues (see Mosaic MD5-197), but Uhuru Afrika went largely unnoticed and was a rare collectors' item within a few years of release. Stanley Turrentine recorded In Memory Of and Niger Mambo (see Mosaic MD5-212) soon after Highlife was released, but again that album failed to reach an audience among musicians or the public.

It is with great satisfaction that we make this delightful and important music available. Special thanks to Randy Weston, a man as elegant and gracious as he is talented, for sorting out many discographical questions such as the drummers on the Five Spot session. Incidentally, a third United Artists album featuring the music of Destry Ricks Again was an A & R man's attempt at commercial success that a then acquiescent Randy would rather forget. For that reason, it is not included here.

— MICHAEL CUSCUNA, 2003”


And the distinguished Jazz author Nat Hentoff had this to say about Randy and his music in these excerpts from his 1957 liner notes to Piano-a-la-Mode [Jubilee JGM 1060].

© -Nat Hentoff, copyright protected; all rights reserved.


“Randy Weston, 31, is evolving into a vigorously personal jazzman with spirited intelligence, and a large reservoir of what the young mainstreamers like Quincy Jones and Cannonball Adderley call soul.

Within the past year, Weston's career is also quickening. He's worked the Cafe Bohemia, several Sunday afternoon concerts at Birdland for Jazz Unlimited, Cy Coleman's Playroom, The Five Spot, and concerts at Town Hall and Loew's Sheridan presented by the Village Voice, the resiliently hip Greenwich Village weekly. He has also signed with the Columbia Lecture Bureau for the fall of 1957 and the spring of 1958 to present a series of jazz lecture-demonstrations at colleges and in auditoriums.

Weston, as articulate verbally as he is on piano, usually opens his lecture program with demonstrations of the roots of jazz — African rhythms, spirituals, boogie-woogie and the blues. The second half reflects his own modern approach, and invariably includes several of his originals.

Randy has become a jazz writer of growing distinction. He's written some 23 originals, and several of them, like the waltz, Little Niles, are being recorded and performed by a number of his contemporaries, including Gigi Gryce, Oscar Pettiford and George Shearing. Milt Jackson plans to record Randy's Pam's Waltz, and I expect that in the decade and more ahead, Randy will become as recognized for his compositions as for his playing.

Randy's attitude toward jazz is strongly involved with his love and respect for the traditions of the language. One of his three major influences is Duke Ellington. "The way he plays," Randy begins, "for one thing. He's not recognized too much as a pianist, but he's a fine one. He's very definite; he's not afraid to do what's in his mind; and his playing has that sound and drive he gets from his orchestra. And there's his feeling for change of pace; he can be wild and then become so subtle. The blues feeling he had his band have moves me so. The whole band has that blues sound and feeling, no matter what they're playing."


Art Tatum is a second influence, as he has to have been to almost every jazz pianist by virtue of his total command of the instrument. A third is Thelonious Monk. "When I first met Monk," says Randy, "I was more interested in Nat Cole and Eddie Heywood, who lived around the corner from me. I wasn't in a musical position to appreciate what Monk was doing. This was in 1944, and I heard Monk at the Down Beat with Coleman Hawkins. I had great respect for Hawkins, and I figured that if Hawkins had hired Monk, Monk must have something to say. I became so fascinated by him in time that I decided to meet and talk to him. There wasn't much at first in the way of conversation, but I'd go by his house, starting around 1947 and continuing intermittently for several years, and he'd play piano and I'd listen for three or four years. I really do feel Monk is a genius."

"If it's not a paradox," Randy adds, "Monk has a command of freedom. I never get the feeling of paper and notes in his work. There is a complete freedom in his work. It doesn't sound as if he's affected by barriers or conventions. Whatever he feels, he writes and plays; and yet he still keeps alive that old definite piano sound like Fats Waller and James P. Johnson. Monk inspired me in that he showed me you can stretch out and be yourself. Some people say he hasn't much technique as a pianist. Technique isn't important. It's the message you have that counts, especially in jazz. I once heard a piano player who could only play three or four chords, but when he was through, you knew emotionally he'd been there!

"As a writer, Monk can create a melody that sounds like no one else's and yet just seems to have flowed naturally from him. I can't verbalize how he does it; I don't think he can verbalize it either. I've never taken a formal lesson from him, but I've listened and talked to him a lot, and he's changed my whole conception. I remember one lesson he taught me especially well. There was some music going on at his house. I didn't care for it, and said so. Monk said nonchalantly but firmly, "You've got to listen to everybody and everything. Everybody has something to say."

"I've found that to be very true."

Here’s a video montage of images of Randy and some of the artwork from his many recordings which employs as its audio track the version of Hi-Fly from the 1958 Metro Jazz LP that he recorded at the Newport Jazz Festival with George Joyner on bass and G.T. Hogan on ddrums.